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ATP Cells transfer energy from food to a molecule called ATP Adenosine triphosphate contains: -adenine (a nitrogen base) -sugar - 3 phosphate groups When a reaction needs energy, a phosphate breaks off ATP, releasing energy and becoming ADP (adenosine diphosphate) VIDEO CLIP-GENERAL OVERVIEW PHOTOSYNTHESIS Autotrophs (plants and algae and some bacteria) use energy in sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. 6CO2 + 6H2O ----light---------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 PHOTOSYNTHESIS VIDEO http://vimeo.com/7316737 Plants absorb red and blue light and reflect green due to the chlorophyll in their chloroplasts. Chlorophyll pigment can capture light energy. This light energy is converted into chemical energy in the bonds of glucose. Oxygen is released when water is split. The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid and the Calvin Cycle or light-independent reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplast. What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis? Where does photosynthesis take place? How is energy transferred in photosynthesis? CELLULAR RESPIRATION 6O2 + C6H12O6 ----à 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy All organisms release energy from organic molecules through cellular respiration. The first stage of cellular respiration is called glycolysis ,which happens in the cytoplasm of the cell and does not require oxygen. Every living thing uses glycolysis to break down glucose into smaller molecules. If no oxygen is available, these smaller molecules from glycolysis go through fermentation to create either ethyl alcohol (via yeast or microorganisms) or lactic acid(in many cell types). If oxygen is available, these smaller molecules from glycolysis go through oxidative respiration in the mitochondrian. Oxidative Respiration involves the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain to release carbon dioxide, water and 36 ATP molecules. CELLULAR RESPIRATION CELLULAR RESPIRATION VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8c5JcnFaJ0 What are the reactants and products of respiration? Where does respiration take place? How is energy transferred in respiration?
