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K. Vani Manohar
Senior Faculty,
Sri Chaitanya Educatinal Institutions
Hyd
(Contined from IPE Vidya Page 02-02-2010)
I year Botany
Unit II: In this Very Short answer, Short Answer and Long Answer type questions are asked. Some of
the important questions are
Very Short Answer Questions
1. What are assimilatory roots? Give two examples.
Ans: Modified green adventitious roots that help in assimilation of carbon dioxide are called as
assimilatory roots. Examples are Taeniophyllum, Tinospora.
2. What is a complete root parasite? Give an example.
Ans: A complete parasite is achlorophyllous, establishes haustorial connection with both xylem and
Phloem of the host to absorb both mineral water and organic food materials from the host plant.
Ex: Orobanche
3. What are fasciculated roots? Give two examples.
Ans: Tuft of storage adventitious roots are called as fasciculated roots. Ex: Asparagus, Dahlia
4. Which underground stem modification does not possess roots? Mention its scientific name.
Ans: Stem tuber is the underground stem modification that does not possess roots. Solanum
tuberosum is its scientific name.
5. Which aerial stem modification is concerned with vegetative propagation? Give two examples.
Ans: Bulbils. Ex: Agave americana, Dioscoria bulbifera
6. What is cladophyll? How does it differ with Phyloclade?
Ans: Cladophyll is a green axillary, aerial branch of one or few internodal length arising in the axil of
scale leaf. It differs with Phylloclade in being always axillary and showing limited growth.
7. Define aereole and give an example.
Ans: Aereole is elevated region on the Phylloclade of Opuntia which represents a node and consists
of spinous modified leaves. The spines are normal spines and hair like spines known as barbs.
8. How do differentiate Bulb from Pseudobulb?
Ans: A bulb is underground modified stem whose leaves store food materials where as pseudobulb is
aerial modified stem of Bulbophyllum which stores food materials and has few leaves.
9.
Name the sub-aerial stem modification seen in free floating aquatic plants. How does it help in
vegetative propagation?
Ans: Off-set is the sub-aerial modified stem seen in free floating hydrophytes. It is brittle and has
leaves and roots at its only node. When broken accidentally, it is separated from parent plant and can
lead independent life.
10. What is stipule? Which type of stipules are found in Ipomoea quamoclit?
Ans: Stipules are two small lateral appendages of leaf present on both sides of leaf base. Ipomoea
quamoclit has branched stipules.
11. Compare paripinnate and imparipinnate compound leaves.
Ans: Parpinnate compound leaves have leaflets in pairs (Even number of leaflets) and imparipinnate
compound leaf has atleast one unpaired leaflet (odd number of leaflets) at the apex of rachis.
12. Compare opposite superposed and opposite decussate phyllotaxy.
Ans: Both types have two leaves at every node. In superposed type, the successive pairs of leaflets
are arranged one above the other in the same plane. In decussate type one pair of leaves at one
node are perpendicular to pair of leaves at the next node.
13. What is the nature of phyllode in Acacia melanoxylon and Parkinsonia.
Ans: In Acacia melanoxylon, Petiole is modified into Phyllode and in Parkinsonia, secondary rachii
are modified into phyllodes.
14. Name the special inflorescence which has a single flower and many male flowers. What are its
cymose characters?
Ans: The inflorescence is Cyathium. The male flowers are arranged in scorpioid cymes.
15. What are the modifications of bracts, bracteoles and perianth lobes in a compound spike.
Ans: In compound spike, bracts are modified into sterile Glumes and fertile Lemma, Bracteoles as
palea, and perianth lobes as Lodicules.
16. What are gall flowers? In which inflorescence are they found.
Ans: Gall flowers are sterile female flowers. They are found Cyathium inflorescence.
17. Define anterior and posterior sides of flower.
Ans: The side of the flower facing the bract is anterior side and facing the axis is posterior side.
18. What is Polygamous condition and give two examples.
Ans: Polygamous condition is presence of male, female and bisexual flowers on the same plant.
Ex: Mangifera, Polygonum
19. Define marcescent and acrescent calyx and an example to each.
Ans: Persistant calyx that does not show development after fertilization is marcescent calyx. Ex:
Solanum melongena. Persistant calyx that shows development even after fertilization is called as
Acrescent calyx. Ex: Physalis
20. What are the three types of styles? Give examples.
Ans: The three types of styles are 1. Terminal – Ex: Datura, 2. Lateral – Ex: Mangifera, 3. Gynobasic
– Ex: Ocimum
For SAQ and LAQ see the website.
Short Answer Questions
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What are respiratory roots? Explain their role in mangrove plants.
Write short notes on parasitic roots
Differentiate Rhizome and Corm.
Write about Stem tuber and Bulb
Describe the leaf modifications that are adapted to the drought conditions in desert areas
Compare thorns and spines.
Describe the advanced type of racemose inflorescence.
Write short notes on single fruit like inflorescence.
Write short notes on structural symmetry of flowers.
Describe various types of aestivations with the help of suitable examples.
Long Answer Questions
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Describe various types of root modifications.
Describe any six types of stem modifications that are useful for vegetative propagation.
Describe various types of aerial stem modifications.
Describe various types of sub-aerial stem modification.
Define venation. Describe various types of venations.
What is Phyllotaxy? Describe the various types of Phyllotaxy.