Download WW II: Europe and North Africa

WW II: Europe and North Africa
E. America Enters World War II
(1945-Present)
b. Identify the significant military
and political aspects of
World War II
e. Identify and evaluate the
scientific and technological
developments in America during
and after World War II
The Alliances of
World War II
The Allies
VS.
* The USA *
* Great Britain *
* France *
* The USSR (Russia) *
* China *
The Axis Powers
* Germany *
* Italy *
* Japan *
The Axis Powers had conquered much of the world
by 1942. Germany conquered in Europe and Japan
conquered in Asia and the Pacific.
Great Britain and the USA
-Winston Churchill, the Prime Minister of
Britain, and FDR agreed to attack in Europe
first, even though it was Japan that attacked
the USA at Pearl Harbor.
-In the Battle of the Atlantic, Hitler used
submarines to attack USA ships, like Germany
used in WW I. This hurt Britain by cutting off aid
from the USA.
-Eventually, despite the submarines, the USA’s
intervention turned the momentum of the Battle
of the Atlantic in favor of the Allies.
Even though Japan attacked Pear Harbor, FDR and Churchill
agreed to attack Germany and Italy first. The USA needed
France and Britain protected before they took on Japan.
Germany vs. the USSR: The Eastern Front
-In 1941, Germany broke the Nonaggression Pact with
the USSR and invaded the Soviet Union. Yet, the
winter weather stopped the Nazis from advancing. In
the summer of 1942, Hitler tried to go further and take
Russian oil field areas.
-At the Battle of Stalingrad, in 1943, the Nazis
became trapped by the USSR. Hitler wanted the
industry of the city to be controlled by the Nazis.
-Stalin ordered troops to surround the city and cut off
supplies to the Nazis. Over one million soldiers were
lost by the Russians. Yet, after this incident, Russia
was on the offensive and the Nazis tried to retreat
back to Germany.
Hitler broke his pact with Stalin
and invaded the USSR
Hitler broke his
agreement with Stalin
and invaded the
USSR taking over a
city called Stalingrad.
Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad
Stalin surrounded Stalingrad to starve out the
Nazis. Yet, his own people starved as well.
Stalin set up a
blockade around
Stalingrad, starving
the Nazis out and
forcing Germany to
retreat out of the
USSR.
Stalingrad
Operation Torch: The North African Front
-Stalin urged Britain and the USA to invade
Western Europe. Yet, the USA and Britain were not
ready for such an assault against Nazi occupied
Europe.
-Instead they launched Operation Torch. The
Allies invaded Northern Africa and were led by
Dwight D. Eisenhower.
-They entered through Casablanca, Oran, and
Algiers. General Erwin Rommel led the Afrika
Korps for Nazi Germany. He was defeated by the
Allies in May of 1943.
In Operation Torch, the Allies first invaded Northern Africa
before making their way to Europe.
Operation
Torch
After taking North Africa, the Allies
invaded Mussolini’s Italy
The Allies Invade Italy
-After taking Northern Africa, in the Summer 1943,
the Allies gained Sicily, an island off the coast of
Italy. Now, they were ready to take the Italian
peninsula.
-In June of 1943, King Victor Emmanuel II removed
Mussolini from power. The 99th Pursuit Squadron,
called the Tuskegee Airmen, an all African
American squadron, helped to take Italy.
-Italy quickly surrendered to the Allies. Mussolini tried
to escape, but was captured by the Allies and
executed.
The Tuskegee Airmen, an all African American
Squadron, helped take Italy.
Mussolini, a fellow fascist, was a strong supporter of Hitler
and now the Allies had invaded his country
and he tried to flee to Germany.
Mussolini tried to
escape to Germany
with his mistress,
Clara Petacci. The
Allies apprehended
Mussolini and his
mistress. Both were
shot along with
many aboard their
train, primarily
leaders of the Italian
Social Republic.
Operation Overlord
-Eisenhower also led this operation. On
6/6/1944, D-Day, the invasion of Normandy,
commenced. Allied troops stormed the beaches
of France to liberate the French from Germany.
-Over one million troops landed within one
month. General Omar Bradley led Operation
Cobra, the Allies’ march beyond Normandy.
George Patton led his Third Army and took the
Seine River area south of Paris.
-By September of 1944, France, Belgium, and
Luxembourg were free from Nazi control. The
Allied invasion of Europe was working, Hitler
was being pushed back to Germany.
Dwight Eisenhower led the efforts of
Operation Torch and Operation Overlord.
General Omar
Bradley led in
Operation
Cobra, the
Allies’ march
beyond
Normandy.
George
Patton led his
Third Army
and took the
Seine River
area south of
Paris.
After the success of Operation Torch in Northern Africa, the Allies
launched Operation Overlord to push the Nazis out of France
and invade Nazi occupied Europe.
Operation Overlord was the initial Western invasion
of Nazi Occupied Europe by the Allies.
Allied soldiers invaded the beaches
of Normandy, France, which was
controlled by the Nazis.
The Battle of the Bulge
-The Allies were pushing the Nazis back to
Germany. Hitler sent troops to the Belgian port
of Antwerp to break supply lines. He was trying
to violently rush into the region and take it.
-Germany lost over 100,000 troops and they
never took Antwerp. This was a failure for the
Nazis and it was clear the Allies were going to
push them all the way back to Germany.
-When this battle was over, the Allies began to
advance forward. They started to liberate those
trapped in concentration camps.
Victory for the Allies
-The Soviets were the first to discover the death
camps. Massive crematories, dead bodies, and
other proofs remained of the wicked actions of
the Holocaust.
-In April of 1945, the Soviets invaded Berlin and
attacked. Hitler left a suicide note. However, his
body was never found.
-On 4/12/1945, FDR died. He had
complications with polio for much of his life and
had a stroke. Harry Truman became president.
On 5/8/1945, Victory in Europe Day “V-E Day”
was celebrated as the Allies successfully
crushed the Nazi Regime.
Americans celebrate V-E Day
The USA celebrated as
Victory in Europe was achieved.
Yet, one more empire must fall before the end…
THE
END
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