Download 6.1 Info Sheet The Nature of Chemical Reactions

6.1 Info Sheet
Name:
The Nature of Chemical Reactions
a) When gasoline is burned in the engine of a car or boat, a lot of
different reactions happen with the compounds that are in the
mixture we call gasoline. In a typical reaction, isooctane,
As you read section 6.1(p. 184-189) complete the following items.
1. If someone talks about chemical reactions, you might think about
scientists doing experiments in laboratories. But words like
_________, ______________, _____________ and _________
describe chemical reactions you see every day.
_______ and __________, ___, are the _____________.
They react and form two ________________, carbon dioxide,
___, and _______, ____.
b) The products and reactants contain the same types of atoms:
___________, _____________, and ________________.
c) New product atoms are not_______________ and old reactant
2. CHEMICAL REACTIONS CHANGE __________________
a) When sugar water and yeast are mixed into flour to make
bread dough, a chemical ___________ takes place.
b) The yeast acts on the sugar to form new ____________,
including __________ ____________ and lactic acid.
atoms are not _______________.
d) Atoms are _____________ as bonds are broken and
_________.
e) In all chemical reactions, ___________ is ALWAYS
___________________.
c) You know that a ____________ ___________ has happened
because lactic acid and CO2 are different from _______
5. ENERGY AND R__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
d) Chemical ____________ occur when substances undergo
chemical __________ to form new ____________.
6. (Blue heading) Energy must be added to break ___________.
a) In each isooctane molecule all the bonds to carbon atoms
3. Production of ______ and ____________ ___ ___________ are
are _____________. In an oxygen molecule, a
signs of chemical _____________
____________ bond ______ the two oxygen atoms
a) In bread making the __________ _________ gas that is
together.
produced expands the dough, causing the bread to rise.
b) This release of ______ is a sign that a ___________ reaction
may be happening.
c) As the dough bakes, old ________ break and new bonds
_______.
4. Chemical reactions ___________ atoms
b) For the atoms in isooctane and oxygen to _________, all
of these bonds have to be ___________.
c) This takes __________.
d) Sometimes the energy is transferred as ________, like the
________ that the starts the _________-________
_______
e) Energy also can be transferred as ___________,
_________, or ___________.
10. Reactions that absorb energy are ______________
a) (go to p. 188) When an endothermic reaction occurs, you may
7. Forming bonds releases ______________
a) Once enough energy is added to start the isooctane-oxygen
be able to notice a drop in _____________.
b) Some endothermic reactions cannot get enough ________ as
reaction, new ________ form to make the ___________.
heat from the surroundings to happen: so ________ must be
b) When new bonds form, __________ is _____________ .
_________ as heat to cause the ___________ to take place.
c) When gasoline burns, energy in the form of heat and
c) Photosynthesis, like many reactions in living things, is
________ is ___________
d) Other chemical reactions can produce __________ ________
________________.
d) In photosynthesis, plants use energy from ________ to
convert _________ _________ and _________ to glucose
8. Energy is ______________ in chemical ____________
a) Energy may not appear to be ____________ in the isooctane
and oxygen.
e) Sometimes, reactions are described as ____________ or
reaction.
b) The energy for that explosion comes from the _______
between atoms in the ______________.
c) Often this stored energy is called __________ __________.
d) The total energy before the ____________ is equal to the total
_______ of the ______________ and their _______________.
_____________.
f)
These terms refer to the _________ with which the reactions
___________.
g) In this book, exergonic reactions are _____________ and
_______________ reactions are _______________.
h) Bioluminescence and respiration are _____________
reactions and photosynthesis is an _______________
9. Reactions that release energy are ______________
a) In the isooctane-oxygen reaction, more __________ is
released as the products form than is absorbed to _______
the bonds in the ____________.
b) Like all other ______________ reactions, this in an
______________ _____________.
c) After an exothermic reaction, the temperature of the
surroundings _________ because energy is ___________.
reaction.