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GENOME EDITING WITH ENGINEERED NUCLEASES FOUR FAMILIES ENGINEERED MEGA-NUCLEASE OF DESIGNER RE-ENGINEERED HOMING ENDONUCLEASES ENGINEERED NUCLEASES GENOME EDITING IN WHICH DNA IS INSERTED, REPLACED, OR REMOVED USING ARTIFICIALLY ENGINEERED NUCLEASES, OR “MOLECULAR SCISSORS” LEFT TALEN TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR-LIKE EFFECTOR NUCLEASES (TAL EFFECTOR NUCLEASES) FOKI RIGHT TALEN RIGHT ZFN FOKI ZINC FINGER NUCLEASES (ZFNS) CAS9 PROTEIN CRISPR-CAS SYSTEM (CLUSTERED REGULARLY INTERSPACED SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS) GUIDE RNA LEFT ZFN NUCLEASE-MEDIATED GENOME EDITING CHROMOSOME & ENGINEERED NUCLEASE GENE DISRUPTION GENE INSERTION GENE DELETION INVERSION SPECIES DNA-SPECIFIC DOUBLE-STRANDED BREAK GENE GENE ADDITION CORRECTION APPLIED IN A DIVERSE SET OF SPECIES Human cell lines & stem cells Drosophila, insects C. elegans Zebrafish Mice, rats Pigs Cows Plants Monkeys HOMOLOGY-DIRECTED REPAIR (HR) With added homologous DNA: insert/replace DNA NON-HOMOLOGOUS END JOINING (NHEJ) Without added homologous DNA: repairs with indels THERE ARE OVER 21,000 PUBLICATIONS IN THE GENOME EDITING SPACE # of publications PUBLICATIONS ≥3,000 ≥2,500 ≥2,000 ≥1,500 ≥1,000 ≥500 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 0 ENTRY OF ZFN ENTRY OF TAL EFFECTOR POTENTIAL AND THE FUTURE STEM CELL ENGINEERING & GENE THERAPY DISEASE-RESISTANT TRANSGENIC PLANTS Request a copy of this poster for your lab at lifetechnologies.com/genomeeditposters For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. © 2014 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific and its subsidiaries unless otherwise specified. TISSUE & ANIMAL DISEASE MODELS ENTRY OF CRISPR