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1/22/14 HOMO SAPIENS } } Biological species of conscious, thinking people MAJOR STEPS IN DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIES } } } ARTH 4573 HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN Tools Speech Writing } } } Imperfection of human memory Immediacy of expression that cannot transcend time and place Major step towards civilization and order section 1 – early writing systems } PREHISTORIC } } } } Paleolithic and Neolithic periods 35-40,000 BCE Africa Europe Prehistoric Prehistoric Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Egypt Egypt Greece Greece Rome Rome Cave painting, Lascaux, c. 15,000-10,000 B.C. Material used will always affect the artwork PICTOGRAPH: Elementary pictures of sketches to represent things depicted Cave painting, Lascaux, c. 15,000-10,000 B.C. Cave painting, Lascaux, c. 15,000-10,000 B.C. 1 1/22/14 } PREHISTORIC } } Paleolithic and Neolithic periods 35-40,000 BCE } Africa Europe } Petroglyphs (rock engravings) } Prehistoric Mesopotamia Egypt Greece Rome Atlas Rock petroglyphs,Valley of Fire, Nevada, USA. Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument, Utah, USA Prehistoric Mesopotamia Egypt Greece Rome Libya Petroglyphs } MESOPOTAMIA } “Fertile Crescent” } Land between Tigris and Euphrates Prehistoric Prehistoric Prehistoric Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Egypt Egypt Egypt Greece Greece Greece Rome Rome Rome 2 1/22/14 } MESOPOTAMIA } “Fertile Crescent” } Village Culture to High Civilization } } Land between Tigris and Euphrates Social Order Prehistoric Mesopotamia Egypt Greece Rome } Alabaster relief from the palace of King Tiglath-Pileser III, c. 500 BC. Cylinder seal and clay imprint of mythological scene, Assyria c. 800 BCE CUNEIFORM CUNEIFORM MESOPOTAMIA } “Fertile Crescent” } Village Culture to High Civilization } } } Land between Tigris and Euphrates Social Order Cuneiform (“wedge-shaped” in Latin) } Achieved by pressing a wedge-shaped stylus made of reed or wood into soft clay tablets. Prehistoric Mesopotamia Egypt Greece Rome Prehistoric Prehistoric Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Egypt Egypt Greece Greece Rome Rome Ivory tablet of King Zet, First Dynasty 3 1/22/14 Sarcophagus of Aspalta, King of Ethiopia, c. 593-568 BCE The Rosetta Stone, c. 197-196 BCE Hieroglyph Hieratic Script Demotic Script CO-EXISTED The Rosetta Stone, c. 197-196 BCE (Egyptian demotic and Greek shown) Detail from Papyrus of Hunefar C. 1370 BCE Detail from Papyrus of Hunefar C. 1370 BCE Detail of papyrus Papyrus ROLLED 4 1/22/14 Egyptian Cyinder Seal Woodblock Printing Chinese Calligraphy 5 1/22/14 AND THEN THERE WAS ROME. 6
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