Download Flexor digitorum longus

(a)
(b)
(g)
(f)
Circular
(orbicularis oris)
(c)
(e)
(c) Parallel
(sartorius)
(d)
(e) Bipennate
(rectus femoris)
(f) Fusiform
(biceps brachii)
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(b) Convergent
(pectoralis major)
(d) Unipennate
(extensor
digitorum
longus)
(g) Multipennate
(deltoid)
Figure 10.1
Head
Temporalis
Masseter
Shoulder
Trapezius
Deltoid
Arm
Triceps brachii
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Forearm
Pronator teres
Brachioradialis
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Pelvis/thigh
Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Thigh
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Leg
Fibularis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Tibialis anterior
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Facial
Epicranius, frontal belly
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus
Orbicularis oris
Neck
Sternohyoid
Platysma
Sternocleidomastoid
Thorax
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis major
Intercostals
Abdomen
Rectus abdominis
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
External oblique
Thigh
Tensor fasciae latae
Sartorius
Adductor longus
Gracilis
Leg
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Figure 10.4
Arm
Triceps brachii
Brachialis
Forearm
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi
radialis longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi
ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Iliotibial tract
Leg
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Fibularis longus
Calcaneal
(Achilles) tendon
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Neck
Epicranius, occipital belly
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Shoulder
Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Rhomboid major
Latissimus dorsi
Hip
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Thigh
Adductor magnus
Hamstrings:
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Figure 10.5
Epicranius
Corrugator
supercilii
Orbicularis oculi
Levator labii
superioris
Zygomaticus
minor and major
Buccinator
Risorius
Orbicularis oris
Mentalis
Depressor
labii inferioris
Depressor anguli oris
Platysma
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Galea
aponeurotica
Frontal belly
Occipital
belly
Temporalis
Masseter
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Splenius capitis
Figure 10.6
Temporalis
Orbicularis
oris
Buccinator
Masseter
(a)
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Figure 10.7a
Lateral
pterygoid
Medial
pterygoid
(b)
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Masseter
pulled away
Figure 10.7b
Tongue
Styloid process
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Stylohyoid
Hyoid bone
Genioglossus
Mandibular
symphysis
Geniohyoid
Thyroid cartilage
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Thyrohyoid
(c)
Figure 10.7c
Median raphe
Anterior
Digastric belly
Posterior
belly
Stylohyoid (cut)
Thyrohyoid
Thyroid cartilage
of the larynx
Thyroid gland
Sternothyroid
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Hyoid bone
Omohyoid
(superior belly)
Sternohyoid
Sternocleidomastoid
Omohyoid
(inferior belly)
(a)
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Figure 10.8a
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Styloid process
Superior pharyngeal
constrictor
Middle pharyngeal
constrictor
Hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid
membrane
Inferior
pharyngeal
constrictor
(c)
Esophagus
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Buccinator
Mandible
Mylohyoid
(cut)
Geniohyoid
Hyoglossus
Thyroid
cartilage
of larynx
Trachea
Figure 10.8c
1st cervical
vertebra
Sternocleidomastoid
Base of
occipital bone
Mastoid
process
Middle
scalene
Anterior
scalene
Posterior
scalene
(a) Anterior
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Figure 10.9a
Mastoid process
Splenius
capitis
Spinous
processes
of the
vertebrae
Splenius
cervicis
(b) Posterior
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Figure 10.9b
Mastoid process
of temporal bone
Longissimus capitis
Iliocostalis cervicis
Longissimus
cervicis
Iliocostalis
thoracis
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
Iliocostalis
Erector Longissimus
spinae Spinalis
Iliocostalis
lumborum
External oblique
Ligamentum
nuchae
Semispinalis
capitis
Semispinalis
cervicis
Semispinalis
thoracis
Multifidus
Quadratus
lumborum
(d)
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Figure 10.9d
External
intercostal
(a)
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Internal
intercostal
Figure 10.10a
Xiphoid process of sternum
Foramen for inferior
vena cava
Central
tendon of
diaphragm
Foramen
for aorta
12th rib
(b)
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Foramen for
esophagus
Costal cartilage
Diaphragm
Lumbar
vertebra
Quadratus
lumborum
Psoas major
Figure 10.10b
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
Linea alba
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
Aponeurosis of the
external oblique
(a)
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Tendinous
intersection
Rectus
abdominis
Inguinal ligament
(formed by free
inferior border of
the external oblique
aponeurosis)
Figure 10.11a
Rectus
abdominis
Internal
oblique
External
oblique
IIiac crest
Pubic
tubercle
Transversus
abdominis
Inguinal
ligament
Lumbar
fascia
Lumbar
fascia
(b)
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Figure 10.11b
Anterior
Levator
ani
Symphysis pubis
Urogenital diaphragm
Urethra
Vagina
Anal canal
Pubococcygeus
IIiococcygeus
Obturator
internus
Coccyx
Levator ani
Coccygeus
Piriformis
(a)
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Posterior
Pelvic
diaphragm
Figure 10.12a
Urethral
opening
External urethral
sphincter
Inferior pubic ramus
Deep
transverse
perineal
muscle
Central tendon
Vaginal
opening
Anus
External anal
sphincter
(b)
Male
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Female
Figure 10.12b
Urethral
opening
Vaginal
opening
Clitoris
Anus
Penis
Midline raphe
Ischiocavernosus
Bulbospongiosus
Superficial
transverse
perineal muscle
Levator ani
Gluteus maximus
(c)
Male
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Female
Figure 10.12c
Sternocleidomastoid
Deltoid
Pectoralis
major
Sternum
Biceps brachii
Subclavius
Clavicle
Subscapularis
Pectoralis minor
Coracobrachialis
Serratus anterior
Humerus
(a)
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Figure 10.13a
Levator
scapulae
Trapezius
Supraspinatus
Clavicle
Deltoid
Rhomboid
minor
Rhomboid
major
Spine of
scapula
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Teres major
Humerus
Latissimus
dorsi
(c)
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Figure 10.13c
Clavicle
Deltoid
Sternum
Pectoralis major
Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii:
Lateral head
Long head
Medial head
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
(a) Anterior view
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Figure 10.14a
Supraspinatus*
Spine of scapula
Deltoid (cut)
Greater tubercle
of humerus
Infraspinatus*
Teres minor*
Teres major
Triceps brachii:
Lateral head
Long head
Latissimus dorsi
Humerus
Olecranon process
of ulna
Anconeus
(b) Posterior view
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* Rotator cuff muscles
Figure 10.14b
Clavicle
Deltoid
Sternum
Pectoralis major
Coracobrachialis
Triceps brachii:
Lateral head
Long head
Medial head
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
(a) Anterior view
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Figure 10.14a
Supraspinatus*
Spine of scapula
Deltoid (cut)
Greater tubercle
of humerus
Infraspinatus*
Teres minor*
Teres major
Triceps brachii:
Lateral head
Long head
Latissimus dorsi
Humerus
Olecranon process
of ulna
Anconeus
(b) Posterior view
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* Rotator cuff muscles
Figure 10.14b
Superficial transverse
ligament of palm
Palmar aponeurosis
Flexor retinaculum
Flexor digitorum
superficialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
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Flexor pollicis longus
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Brachioradialis
Pronator teres
Medial epicondyle
of humerus
Medial head of
triceps brachii
Pronator quadratus
Tendon of biceps brachii
(a)
Biceps brachii
Figure 10.15a
Tendon of flexor
digitorum profundus
Tendon of flexor digitorum
superficialis (cut)
Lumbricals
Tendon of flexor
pollicis longus
Thenar muscles of thumb
Tendon of flexor
carpi ulnaris (cut)
Pronator quadratus
Flexor pollicis longus
Flexor digitorum
profundus
Supinator
(c)
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Figure 10.15c
Extensor
expansion
Tendons of
extensor
digitorum
Extensor pollicis
longus
Extensor pollicis
brevis
Abductor
pollicis longus
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi
radialis brevis
Extensor carpi
radialis longus
Tendons of extensor carpi
radialis brevis and longus
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti
minimi
Extensor carpi
ulnaris
Flexor carpi
ulnaris
Anconeus
Insertion of
triceps brachii
Brachioradialis
(a)
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Figure 10.16a
Interossei
Extensor indicis
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Abductor pollicis longus
Supinator
Anconeus
Olecranon process of ulna
(b)
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Figure 10.16b
Tendons of:
Flexor digitorum
profundus
Flexor digitorum
superficialis
Third
lumbrical
Fourth
lumbrical
Opponens
digiti minimi
Flexor digiti
minimi brevis
Abductor
digiti minimi
Pisiform bone
Flexor carpi
ulnaris tendon
Flexor digitorum
superficialis
tendons
(a) First superficial layer
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Fibrous sheath
Second lumbrical
Dorsal interossei
First lumbrical
Adductor pollicis
Flexor pollicis
brevis
Abductor pollicis
brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor retinaculum
Abductor pollicis
longus
Tendons of:
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor pollicis longus
Figure 10.18a
Flexor digitorum
profundus tendon
Flexor digitorum
superficialis tendon
Dorsal interossei
Palmar interossei
Adductor pollicis
Opponens digiti
minimi
Flexor pollicis
brevis
Flexor digiti minimi
brevis (cut)
Abductor digiti minimi
(cut)
(b) Second layer
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Abductor pollicis
brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis longus
tendon
Figure 10.18b
Palmar interossei
(c) Palmar interossei (isolated)
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Figure 10.18c
Dorsal interossei
(d) Dorsal interossei (isolated)
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Figure 10.18d
12th rib
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas minor
Iliac crest
Psoas major
Iliopsoas
Iliacus
12th thoracic vertebra
5th lumbar vertebra
Anterior superior iliac spine
Tensor fasciae latae
Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
• Rectus femoris
• Vastus lateralis
• Vastus medialis
Adductor longus
Gracilis
Adductor magnus
Tendon of quadriceps femoris
Patella
Patellar ligament
(a)
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Figure 10.19a
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Iliotibial tract
Long head Biceps
Short head femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Hamstrings
(a)
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Figure 10.20a
Pectineus
(cut)
Adductor
brevis
Adductor
longus
Adductor
magnus
Femur
(b)
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O = origin
I = insertion
Figure 10.19b
Gluteus medius (cut)
Gluteus minimus
Superior
gemellus
Piriformis
Obturator
internus
Obturator
externus
Quadratus
femoris
Inferior
gemellus
Gluteus
maximus
(cut)
(c)
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Figure 10.20c
12th rib
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas minor
Iliac crest
Psoas major
Iliopsoas
Iliacus
12th thoracic vertebra
5th lumbar vertebra
Anterior superior iliac spine
Tensor fasciae latae
Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
• Rectus femoris
• Vastus lateralis
• Vastus medialis
Adductor longus
Gracilis
Adductor magnus
Tendon of quadriceps femoris
Patella
Patellar ligament
(a)
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Figure 10.19a
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Iliotibial tract
Long head Biceps
Short head femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Hamstrings
(a)
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Figure 10.20a
Fibularis longus
Gastrocnemius
Tibia
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Soleus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
Superior and inferior
extensor retinacula
Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis
(a)
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Figure 10.21a
Patella
Head of fibula
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Fibularis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis brevis
Flexor hallucis longus
Fibular retinaculum
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
Superior and inferior extensor
retinacula
Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis
Lateral malleolus
(a)
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5th metatarsal
Figure 10.22a
Plantaris
Gastrocnemius Medial head
Lateral head
Tendon of
gastrocnemius
Calcaneal tendon
Medial malleolus
Lateral malleolus
Calcaneus
(a) Superficial view of the posterior leg.
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Figure 10.23a
Gastrocnemius
medial head (cut)
Plantaris (cut)
Gastrocnemius
lateral head (cut)
Popliteus
Soleus (cut)
Tibialis posterior
Fibula
Flexor digitorum
longus
Fibularis longus
Tendon of tibialis
posterior
Fibularis brevis
Flexor hallucis longus
Medial malleolus
Calcaneal tendon (cut)
Calcaneus
(c) The triceps surae has been removed to show the
deep muscles of the posterior compartment.
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Figure 10.23c
Fibularis longus
Gastrocnemius
Tibia
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Soleus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
Superior and inferior
extensor retinacula
Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis
(a)
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Figure 10.21a
Tendon of flexor hallucis longus
Lumbricals
Flexor hallucis brevis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Flexor accessorius
Abductor digiti minimi
Calcaneal tuberosity
(a) First layer (plantar aspect)
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Figure 10.24a
Lumbricals
Flexor hallucis brevis
Flexor hallucis longus tendon
Flexor digitorum longus (tendon)
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor accessorius
Fibularis longus (tendon)
Flexor digitorum longus (tendon)
Flexor hallucis longus (tendon)
(b) Second layer (plantar aspect)
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Figure 10.24b
Adductor hallucis (transverse head)
Adductor hallucis (oblique head)
Interosseous muscles
Flexor hallucis brevis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Fibularis longus (tendon)
Flexor accessorius
Flexor digitorum longus (tendon)
Flexor hallucis longus (tendon)
(c) Third layer (plantar aspect)
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Figure 10.24c
Plantar interossei
(d) Fourth layer (plantar aspect): plantar interossei
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Figure 10.24d