Download Name: Class ______ Objective 1 Reading Guide (pages 127

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class _____________
Objective 1 Reading Guide (pages 127-131)
5-1 Earth’s Interior
A Journey to the Center of the Earth
1.
The three main layers of the Earth are the ___________________________, the _________________________,
and the ____________________________.
2. These layers vary greatly in ____________________________, __________________________,
_____________________________, and ___________________________.
3. ___________________________ and _______________________________ change as you descend.
Temperature
1.
For every _________ meters that you descend, the temperature rises __________ Celsius degree. This rapid
rise in temperature continues for several tens of ______________________.
2. The high temperatures inside _________________________are a result of ________________ left over from
the formation of the planet. In addition, ______________________ substances inside Earth release energy,
further heating the interior.
Pressure
1.
__________________________________ results from a force pressing on an area. Because of the weight of
the rock above, ______________________________ inside the Earth ________________________ as you go
deeper.
2. The __________________________ you go, the ____________________________ the pressure.
The Crust
1. The __________________________ is the layer of rock that forms ______________________ outer skin.
2. The ____________________________ is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry ______________ and the
_______________________ floor. On the _____________________ you find ___________________ and
___________________________________. The crust also includes the _________________ and
___________________ that covers large parts of the Earth’s ____________________________.
3. The crust is ___________________ under high mountains and ________________________ beneath the ocean.
4. The crust beneath the ocean is called _____________________ crust and it consists mostly of rocks such as
_______________________________________.
5. ____________________________ crust, the crust that forms the ________________________, consists mainly
of rocks such as ______________________________.
The Mantle
1. About ___________ km beneath the surface is a solid material of hot rock called the ______________________.
2. Earth’s __________________________ is made up of rock that is very ____________________, but solid.
3. The mantle is _______________________ km thick.
The Lithosphere
1.
The ________________________ is the rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the
__________________________ and the ____________________________.
2. The _________________________________ averages about ________________________ km thick.
The Asthenosphere
1. Below the lithosphere, material is getting _______________________ and increasing in ___________________.
2. This part of the mantle is somewhat soft and it can bend like ________________________. This soft layer is
called the ____________________________________.
3. Although the ________________________________ is softer than the rest of the mantle, it is still
____________________.
4. Beneath the __________________________________, the mantle is ________________________.
Asthenosphere
The Core
1.
The ________________________ is made of mostly the metals ____________________ and
_____________________________. It consists of _________________________ parts – a
___________________________ outer core, and a _____________________________ inner core.
The Inner Core and Outer Core
1.
The __________________ core is a layer of ______________________ metal that surrounds the inner core.
Despite the enormous pressure, the outer core is ________________________________.
2. The ________________________ core is a dense ball of ____________________________ metal.
3. In the inner core, extreme ___________________________________ squeezes the atoms of
______________________________ and ___________________________ so much that they cannot spread out
and become __________________________.
The Core and Earth’s Magnetic Field
1.
Scientists think that movements in the ___________________________________ outer core create Earth’s
______________________________________ field. Earth acts like a giant magnet and it affects the whole
Earth.