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History of USA Page 1 of 5 HISTORY Subject : History (For under graduate student.) Paper No. : Paper-VII History of USA Unit, Chapter & Title : Unit- 1 Chapter- c Evolution of American democracy Topic No. & Title Part 5 Evolution of American democracy: Monroe doctrine : FAQs 1. State the background of the Monroe Doctrine. The Monroe Doctrine had its origin in the speeches and policy statements of the previous Presidents of the United States amongst whom the names of George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson are noteworthy. The American ideologue Tom Paine also contributed by his words and speeches to the ultimate drafting of the famous Monroe Doctrine. History of USA 2. Page 2 of 5 What circumstances led Monroe to adopt this policy? A sudden reversal of situation occurred with the interventionist stand adopted by Czarist Russia and the Quadruple Alliance of Europe in the neighbourhood of America which led Monroe to adopt this doctrine of noncolonization and non-intervention. 3. What were the main points of the Monroe doctrine? The Monroe Doctrine categorically stated that no nonAmerican nation would be allowed to interfere in, or colonize any part of the New World. It was further added that America would herself keep away from non- American or continental affairs and would restrain itself from acquiring any colonies in any part of the world. 4. How effective was the Monroe doctrine in controlling European interference? Even though the Monroe doctrine was not backed by naval and military power it could still exert enough influence on the continental powers, who decided to respect the newly asserted rights of America and respect their newly created boundary of ‘western hemisphere’. This brought many accolades for Monroe’s foreign policy. History of USA 5. Why Page 3 of 5 did James Polk re-invoke the Monroe Doctrine? The doctrine was revived in 1845 in relation to the Texan affair, to prevent Mexico from seeking any external help i.e. extra-American assistance. America was afraid that in case a war broke out Mexico would request assistance, from its previous colonial master, Spain, and in all likelihood it would be granted. The adoption of the Monroe Doctrine could avert this problem faced by America. 6. How did events in Latin America influence American foreign policy? When succeeding revolts broke out in the Latin American countries like Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Chile, the United States became scared that this would provide an opportunity to the European colonial powers to meddle in this part of the world and thereby pose a threat to it. 7. What was happening in Mexico at the time? In 1863 the French forces under Napoleon III had invaded and conquered Mexico and placed Maxmilian on the Mexican throne. As the Civil War was going on at the History of USA Page 4 of 5 time the United States could not do much about it. But as soon as it ended American troops were brought to Rio Grande aiming to force France to end its occupation. But in the meantime the Mexican nationals themselves killed Maxmilian and reasserted the independence of Mexico. 8. What internal factors contributed to the transition of a speech into the Monroe Doctrine ? America was witnessing a revolution both in agriculture and industry, that led to an upsurge in the nation’s wealth and prosperity. A change in the attitude of Americans was a natural outcome of this situation. They thus started adopting a more bellicose attitude so far as foreign policy matters were concerned. 9. What was the significance of the Paris Peace Conference (1919), so far as the United States of America was concerned? Woodrow Wilson represented the United States of America, at the conference but it was clear from the proceedings that Europe was still not in the mood to consider America as a world power as yet. Apart from incorporating the ‘fourteen points’ of Wilson in the peace History of USA Page 5 of 5 declaration, America’s intention of using this forum to declare itself as a world power remained futile. 10. What caused the Spanish-American War in 1893? Cuba was a French colony. A series of rebellions staged by the Cubans had failed to end Spanish rule. Tension and indignation started rising in the United States against atrocities being committed by Spain in Cuba, along with concern for the safety of American nationals living in Havana. This led to the American Congress passing a resolution in favour of Cuban independence, and authorizing American troops to protect Cubans, which led to the war independence. and eventual declaration of Cuban