Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
PHYS 101 EQUATION SHEET 2 - HEAT ,WAVES, SOUND, ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM,LIGHT TEMPERATURE AND HEAT ∆L=(thermal exp. coeff.)(L )(∆T) Q = (m)(specific heat cap.)(∆T) Qmelt = (m)(heat of melting) Specific heat cap. of water 4.2 kJ/(kg•°C) = 1 cal/(g•°C) Qvaporization = (m)(heat of vaporization) Heat of melting of ice = 334 kJ/kg = 80 cal/g Heat of vaporization of water = 2260 kJ/kg = 540 cal/g Thermodynamics, Thermal Conduction, Thermal Radiation: First Law of Thermo: Qin = ∆(int. energy) +Wby Second Law: Entropy cannot be destroyed Heat Engines emax = 1 - (Tc/Th) Efficiency e = W/Qh WAVES AND SOUND Waves: Wave speed vw = λf Frequency f = (1/T) Sound: Doppler Shift – Source & observer approaching, fobs>fsource; Source & observer separating, fobs<fsource Electricity & Magnetism Current I = q/∆t Coulomb’s Law F = (kq1q2/d2) Electric work W = qV Ohm’s Law I = V/R Electric Power P = IV Faraday’s Law: Induced Voltage proportional to (# loops)(area of each loop)(magnetic field change per s) Lenz’s Law: Induced current in a loop will flow in the direction that opposes any change in magnetic field through the loop Light and Optics c = Speed of light in vacuum c’ = Speed of light in material, c’<c Index of refraction n = c/c’ Law of reflection: Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection; Refraction: Ray bends toward normal for > n QUANTITY SYMBOL UNIT OR VALUE COMMENTS Temperature T K or °C Linear expansion coefficient K-1 or °C-1 Specific Heat capacity J/(kg•K) or J/(kg•°C) or cal/(g•°C) Heat Q J Heat of Melting/Vaporization J/kg or cal/g Thermal Conductivity Entropy Internal Energy J Period T s Frequency f Hz Hz = s-1 Wavelength λ m Wave velocity v or vw m/s vw = 340 m/s, sound in 20°C air Amplitude m, Pa, etc. Electric Charge q C Electron Charge e 1.6x10-19C Electric Field E Electric Potential Energy J Electric Potential (Voltage) V V 1 V = 1 J/C Current I A 1A = 1C/s Resistance R Ohm (Ω) Magnetic Field 8 Speed of Light c or c’ c = 3.0 x 10 m/s in vacuum Index of refraction n (speed of light in vacuum)/(speed of light in material)