Download SCORE A TOUCHDOWN BY NEVER USING TOBACCO

middle SCHOOL LESSON
SCORE A TOUCHDOWN
BY NEVER USING TOBACCO
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the location of the major respiratory organs.
2. Describe the function of the lungs.
3. Identify reasons that smoking is harmful.
INDIANA STANDARDS
(Grades 6-8).1.1 Compare how healthy behaviors
and personal health are linked.
(Grades 6-8).1.7 Identify the benefits of practicing
healthy behaviors
(Grades 6-8).1.8 Describe the likelihood of injuries or
illnesses if engaging in unhealthy behaviors.
(Grades 6-8).2.9 Identify how some health choices influence unhealthy behaviors.
(Grades 6-8).5.7 Predict the results of a health-related decision.
TEACHER TALKING POINTS
Lungs and the Respiratory System
• You take approximately 22,000 breaths every 24 hours without thinking about it. Your lungs are an involuntary muscle, meaning they move without us thinking about them.
• If we did not have lungs we would not be able to talk or breathe.
• Lungs are one of the most important organs in our bodies.
• Lungs provide nourishment to our blood, which in turn nourishes the rest of our body.
Lungs
• Lungs are located in your chest and are protected by your rib cage.
• Have students place one hand on their shoulder and the other on their side right
where they can feel their last rib. This is about how long their lungs are. As we grow,
our lungs grow and continue to grow.
• An easy visual for the lungs is to think about balloons. Just like when air is added to
a balloon, it expands, and when the air gets lets out, it becomes much smaller.
The lungs do the same thing.
• Pathway for air
• Air enters the nose and or the mouth when we breathe in.
• Air travels through a long tube called the trachea.
• The trachea is sometimes called the windpipe. When people choke, it is because an
object, like food, tries to go down this tube.
• Once air is in the lungs, it goes through many branches inside of the lungs. Those
branches are called bronchioles.
• At the end of the branches are microscopic air sacs or alveoli. The air sacs look like
clusters of grapes under the microscope.
• The function of the lungs
• We breathe in oxygen because our bodies need to function properly. Our blood
needs oxygen, and our muscles and organs need blood to be healthy.
• We breathe out carbon dioxide. As we use oxygen in our bodies, it turns into carbon
dioxide, which our bodies have to get rid of.
Why Is Smoking Harmful?
• When a person smokes, they are putting toxic chemicals into their lungs.
• When a person smokes, their lungs start to turn black
• This type of damage can start after the very first puff.
• There are a lot of chemicals in cigarettes that should not go into your lungs – or any other
part of your body.
• There are more than 4,000 chemicals in a cigarette
• Many of these chemicals are called carcinogens, which are cancer-causing chemicals
• Tar also goes into your lungs when you smoke. Tar is a black gooey substance that
makes it harder for lungs to inflate.
• Nicotine is the addictive part of the cigarette.
 • Addiction is what makes people keep smoking. It means that they can’t stop.
• It can cause cancer – specifically lung cancer.
• It can cause heart disease.
• Break this down for students and explain that smoking can cause your resting heart
rate to increase and it makes your heart work harder when you are not exercising.
• You can die from smoking. Other side effects of smoking include bad breath, yellow
teeth, shortness of breath and more frequent colds.
• Everything the smoke is around smells – clothes, furniture, backpacks, pillows and so on.
• It’s against the law to smoke under the age of 18.
• It’s not just hurting you but others as well. Secondhand smoke hurts nonsmokers.
• Secondhand smoke is the smoke from someone’s cigarette or the smoke exhaled while someone is smoking that gets into the lungs of someone else.
Conclusion: Keeping your lungs healthy is just as important
as keeping our hearts and bodies healthy. There are two
main ways to keep our lungs healthy: by exercising
and saying no to smoking.
the pathway for air
Nose
Mouth
Trachea/Windpipe
Bronchial Tubes/
Branches
Alveoli/
Air Sacs
STUDENT ACTIVITY –
Creating a Lung Model
In this activity, students will create models of a lung to show how the lungs contract and
expand when they breathe. They can do this in groups to minimize the number of supplies
needed.
Materials:
• Two-liter bottle with the end (bottom) cut off
• Tape
• Rubber bands
• Straws (which will represent the bronchi)
• Balloons (which will represent the lungs)
• Plastic bag (which will represent the diaphragm)
• Cotton balls
Directions:
• Give each group a two-liter soda bottle.
• Give each group of two sets of a balloon with four straws taped rightly into the opening.
• Have students place the balloon and straws through the open bottom of the bottle.
The straw end should go in first. Then bring the ends of the straws up through the neck of the bottle, stopping when the end of the balloon lines up with the neck of the bottle.
• Have them then stuff the neck of the bottle with cotton balls around the straws until spaces are plugged.
• Have students place a plastic bag over the bottom end of the bottom and use the rubber bands to hold it in place.
• Once the “lung” is put together, have students gently pull up and down on the plastic bag. When they do this, they will see the balloon (i.e. the lungs) expand and contract.
PARENT INFORMATION
According to the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids website, smoking kills more people than
alcohol, AIDS, car accidents, illegal drugs, murders and suicides combined, with thousands
more dying from spit tobacco use. Of all the kids who become new smokers each year, almost
a third will ultimately die from it. In addition, smokers lose an average of 13 to 14 years of life
because of their smoking.
Focusing specifically on Indiana, the following are some surprising and sobering statistics
about tobacco use:
• Indiana has the 10th highest smoking rate in the country with 25.6 percent of adults
who smoke
• The economic cost to Indiana due to smoking is $4,804,232,000 per year
• Indiana’s high school smoking rate is 18.1 percent
• Indiana’s middle school smoking rate is 4.4 percent
• Each day, almost 3,900 kids under 18 try their first cigarette and more than 1,000 kids
become new regular smokers nationwide.
• In Indiana, 27 Hoosier children become daily smokers each day.
• Smoking is the #1 preventable death in the U.S., killing more than 1,200 people per day
• The five largest cigarette companies spent more than $22.9 million a day marketing their products in 2011
• 31 percent of Indiana high school students use tobacco products
• 10 percent of Indiana middle school students use tobacco products
• 16 percent of Indiana high school students use smokeless tobacco products
• 6 percent of Indiana middle school students use smokeless tobacco products
• 51 percent of Indiana High School students have tried tobacco
• 21 percent of Indiana middle school students have tried tobacco
LESSON PLAN EVALUATION
1. Your lungs are an involuntary muscle. ___True ___False
2.Air travels into your lungs through a long tube called the trachea. ___True ___False
3.Our bodies keep carbon dioxide in our lungs. ___True ___False
4.If you are sixteen years old, you can legally buy cigarettes. ___True ___False
5.Tar from cigarettes can make it harder for your lungs to inflate. ___True ___False