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Gymnosperm Characteristics Seed Plants Ovules & Naked Seeds Heterospory Gymnosperms Conifers Cycads Gnetophytes Ginkgo Angiosperms Dicots Monocots Reduced male gametophyte Reduced = a few cells Pollen tube Multicellular Female Gametophyte In ovule Many archegonia Embryo nutrition from female gametophyte Tracheid Wood – secondary growth Xylem entirely of tracheids Tracheid = imperforate cell Vessel member = perforate cell Gymnosperm Characteristics Female Cones & Ovules Vessel member Gymnosperm Characteristics – Ovules house the megasporangium Megastrobilus = female cone Integument Megaspore Mother Cell = Megasporocyte Gymnosperm Characteristics - Ovules Female gametophytes form inside ovules Nucellus = Megasporangium Gymnosperm Characteristics - Seed Gymnosperm Seed Structure Embryo Megagametophyte (food supply) Seed Coat 1 Gymnosperm Characteristics – Male Cones Gymnosperm Characteristics - Heterospory Microspores Microstrobilus = Male cone Megaspore megaspore Meiosis Ovule Haploid Microspores 2n Microspore Mother Cell = Microsporocyte Pollen Gymnosperm Characteristics – Endosporic Development Male gametophytes form inside pollen grain wall Gymnosperm Characteristics – Pollen Tube Pollen tubes form from pollen grains Female gametophytes form inside megaspore wall Pollen Grain Integument megaspore Nucellus Megagametphyte Archegonium Seed Plant Characteristics: Secondary Growth Groups of Living Plants Mosses Liverworts Hornworts Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants Vascular Plants Gymnosperms Club mosses Whisk ferns Horsetails Ferns Conifers Cycads Gnetophytes Ginkgo Seedbearing Vascular Plants Angiosperms Flowering Plants 2 Phylum Coniferophyta Most common Gymnosperms Common species: Pines (Pinus (Pinus)) Spruces (Picea (Picea)) Junipers (Juniperus (Juniperus)) Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga (Pseudotsuga)) Redwoods and Giant Sequoia Trees height of a 3030-story building: Sequoiadendron giganteum Tallest Living Redwood, Sequoia sempervirens Woody Plants, and most have Needle or ScaleScale-like Leaves Wood, Paper, Turpentine, Resin, Ornamental Plants END Gymnosperms 3
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