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Cell Theory • Anton Von Leeuwenhoek – Created 1st light microscope • Robert Hooke – Coined the term “cells” – resembled little rooms in monastary Cell Theory • Matthias Schleiden – Stated that all plants are made of cells • Theodor Schwann – Stated that all animals are made of cells • Robert Brown – Discovers nucleus’(dark center)role in division • Rudolf Virchow – See & describe cell division Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure & function. 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. Prokaryotic Cells • Simplest cell • No nucleus or organelles • Contains cell wall/membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, genetic material • Ex: bacteria Eukaryotic Cells • True Cells – those containing a nucleus • Ex: Plant & animal cells CELL WALL • FOUND – plants • FUNCTION – rigid support & protection • STRUCTURE – 3 layers – Pectin; glue – Cellulose – Lignin CELL MEMBRANE • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – regulates in/out cell • STRUCTURE – 2 layers of lipids & protein “doorways” NUCLEUS • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – control center of cell • STRUCTURE – – Nucleolus (center) – Chromatin (DNA) – N. envelope (outer) CYTOPLASM • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – structure; holds all organelles in place • STRUCTURE – gellike material (colloid) MITOCHONDRIA • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – make energy • STRUCTURE – shaped like kidney bean – Cristae – inner membranes RIBOSOMES • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – make protein • STRUCTURE – composed of protein & RNA – Free-floating – Attached ER ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – transportation • STRUCTURE – – Rough ER; ribosomes attached – Smooth ER; no ribosomes GOLGI APPARATUS • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – package & distribute molecules • STRUCTURE – resembles stack of pancakes CHLOROPLAST • FOUND – plants • FUNCTION – converts light energy chemical energy – site of photosynthesis • STRUCTURE – – Grana (PSN membranes) – Stroma (surrounding space) LYSOSOME • FOUND – animals • FUNCTION – dispose unwanted materials • STRUCTURE – filled with digestive enzymes VACUOLE • FOUND – both plants & animals • FUNCTION – storage • STRUCTURE – – Plants – 1 large – Animals – several small PLASTID • FOUND – plants • FUNCTION – stores pigments (color) & food (starch) • STRUCTURE – hollow sac surrounded by double membrane CYTOSKELETON • FOUND – animals • FUNCTION – support & movement • STRUCTURE – – Microtubles (internal) – Cillia (external hairs) – Flagella (tail) PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL CELL ANALOGY A cell is like EPAHS… Organelle Cell Wall Cell Mem. Nucleus Mitochon. Cytoplasm Ribosome ER Analogy Reason CELL ANALOGY A cell is like EPAHS… Organelle Golgi App. Chloroplast Vacuole Plastid Lysosome Cytoskeleton Analogy Reason ASSIGNMENT: CELL-VILLE 100 pts • Create & present a power point of your group’s cell analogy – Choose plant or animal cell – Must okay idea w/ Mrs. Murray before begin – Requirements: • Each organelle must have its own separate slide • Each slide must contain a picture & compare parts by BOTH structure & function • All group members involved in presentation of ppt • Submit a copy (6-slides/sheet) of ppt
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