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PCR PCR conditions and primers used in this study were as follows: To obtain the full-length mouse D3 cDNA, total RNA extracted from brain of B6 mouse using the TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad CA, USA) were reverse-transcribed into cDNA using SuperScript II Reverse Transcriptase (Invitrogen). The open reading frame of D3 was synthesized by amplification of the 5′- part (472 bp) and 3′- part (940 bp) separately by PCR followed by the ligation. Primers for retroviral vector construction and preparation were follows: 5′- part of mouse D3 cDNA sense antisense 3′- part of mouse D3 cDNA sense antisense 5′-GCATTACCATGGCACCTCTGA-3′ 5′-ACACAGCCGTAATCATGAGCG-3′ 5′-CCAGTTCACTATCAGCATGGC-3′ 5′-TTCTCGAGTCAGCAGGATAGA-3′ Reactions containing 2.5 U of Taq HS polymerase (Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan) were performed for 5 minutes at 94°C followed by 35 cycles for 30 seconds at 94°C, 30 seconds at 57°C, 1 minute at 72°C, and 1 cycle for 7 minutes at 72°C for amplification of the 5′- part, and for 5 minutes at 94°C followed by 35 cycles for 1 minute at 94°C, 1.5 minutes at 55°C, 2 minutes at 72°C, and 1 cycle for 7 minutes at 72°C for amplification of the 3′- part. Total RNA from B lymphoma and splenic B cells was isolated using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen) followed by synthesis of cDNA using SuperScript II. One hundred nanogram of cDNA was used for RT-PCR using the PCR Master Mix (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) and primer sets designed following a program in the Primer Bank (http://pga.mgh.harvard.edu/primerbank/). Primers for RT-PCR analysis were follows: Mouse D3 sense antisense Mouse β-actin sense antisense Mouse Pax5 sense antisense Mouse p50 sense antisense Mouse p65 sense antisense Mouse c-Rel sense antisense Mouse Oct-2 sense antisense Mouse CIITA sense antisense Mouse Blimp-1 sense antisense Mouse Bcl-xL sense 5′-CCTCTGAGCCAGATAAGCAGC-3′ 5′-AGACCGTTGCCAAAGATGATG-3′ 5′-AAGAGCTATGAGCTGCCTGA-3′ 5′-ACGGATGTCAACGTCACACT-3′ 5′-AAAGGTTGCCACTCCCAAAGT-3′ 5′-GCCTGTAGACACTATGCTGTGAC-3′ 5′-CAACGCCCTTTTCGACTAC-3′ 5′-GATCCCTCACGAGCTGAGC-3′ 5′-TTCCTGGCGAGAGAAGCAC-3′ 5′-AAGCTATGGATACTGCGGTCT-3′ 5′-AGAGGGGAATGCGGTTTAGAT-3′ 5′-TTCTGGTCCAAATTCTGCTTCAT-3′ 5′-ACACAGGCTATGACTCGCC-3′ 5′-GGAGGGGCTTGAGTTTACACA-3′ 5′-CTAGCCAAGTCCCTCCTAAGG-3′ 5′-ATGTCAGACTGATCCTGGCAT-3′ 5′-TTCTCTTGGAAAAACGTGTGGG-3′ 5′-GGAGCCGGAGCTAGACTTG-3′ 5′-TGGAGGTAAACTGGGGGTCGCATCG-3′ antisense 5′-AGCCACCGTCATGCCCGTCAGG-3′ Reactions were performed for 2 minutes at 50°C, 1 cycle of 10 seconds at 95°C followed by 27 cycles of 15 seconds at 95°C, 30 seconds at 60°C, 30 seconds at 72°C, and 1 cycle of 10 minutes at 72°C. The amplification program for Bcl-xL consisted of 1 cycle of 5 minutes at 94°C, 30 cycles of 1 minute at 94°C, 1 minute at 64°C, 1 minute at 72°C, and 1 cycle of 7 minutes at 72°C. Primer sets for quantitative RT-PCR were follows: Mouse D3 sense 5′-GCATTACCATGGCACCTCTGA-3′ anisense 5′-TCCTCGAGTCAGCAGGATAGA-3′ Mouse β-actin sense 5′-ACACTGTGCCCATCTACGAGG-3′ antisense 5′-ACGCTCGGTCAGGATCTTCAT-3′ Quantitative RT-PCR was performed according to the manufacturer’s recommended PCR condition using ABI PRISM 7900HT (Applied Biosystems). Primers for clonality analysis were follows: sense 5′-ACAAGCTTCAAAGCACAATGCCTGGCT-3′ D-JH4 antisense5′-CTCTCAGCCGGCTCCCTCAGGG-3′ 7183-JH4 sense 5′-GCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGG-3′ antisense 5′-CTCTCAGCCGGCTCCCTCAGGG-3′ sense 5′-TCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAA-3′ Q52-JH4 antisense 5′-CTCTCAGCCGGCTCCCTCAGGG-3′ J558-JH4 sense 5′-CAGGTCCAACTGCAGCAG-3′ antisense 5′-CTCTCAGCCGGCTCCCTCAGGG-3′ Reactions containing PCR Master Mix (Promega) were incubated for 1 minute at 94°C followed by 30 cycles of 1 minute at 95°C, 30 seconds at 63°C, 1.5 minutes at 72°C, and 1 cycle of 7 minutes at 72°C. Primers for linker amplification-mediated PCR (LAM-PCR) analysis were follows: Biotinylated primer 5′-AGCTGTTCCATCTGTTCTTGGCCCT-3′ Linker primer 5′-GACCCGGGAGATCTGAATTC-3′ Vector-specific primer 5′-GACCTTGATCTGAACTTCTC-3′ Inner primer pair sense 5′-TCCATGCCTTGCAAAATGGC-3′ antisense 5′-GATCTGAATTCAGTGGCACAG-3′ Juxtaposed sequences of provirus integration were firstly amplified by primer extension using genomic DNA from transgenic mice, the biotinylated primer, Taq HS (Takara Bio). Biotinylated PCR products were purified using Dynabeads M-280 streptavidin (Invitrogen). Klenow polymerase, random primer, dNTP mix (Takara Bio) were added followed by TasI (TOYOBO, Osaka, Japan) digestion. The samples was ligated with a linker primer, then amplified by the nested PCR using a vector-specific primer, the linker primer, and an inner primer pair. The final products were separately isolated by agarose electrophoresis and cloned into the pCR2.1 vector (Invitrogen). Microarray-based gene expression profiling Total RNA was extracted from two cell lines that were independently established from mice developing the lymphoma (L1 and L2) and splenocytes from two B6 mice as controls (S1 and S2) using the AllPrep Mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Labeled complementary RNA was prepared from 0.2 mg of the total RNA using the Agilent one color labeling protocol (Agilent Technologies, San Clara, CA). Subsequently, 1.65 µg of complementary RNA was fragmented and hybridized to Agilent whole mouse genome oligo microarray kit G4122F using manufacturer’s instructions. Signals were scanned by the Agilent G2505B Microarray Scanner, and were processed by the Agilent Feature Extraction software version 9.5. The output data were normalized to the 75th percentile prior to data comparisons. The genes/transcripts that satisfy the following criteria were considered to be up-regulated in the lymphoma cell lines compared to the control splenocyte samples: (i) the normalize signal values are over 100 in both of L1 and L2, and (ii) the fold change values are consistently higher than 2.0 in all of the four comparisons (L1/S1, L1/S2, L2/S1, and L2/S1). Similarly, the genes/transcripts down-regulated were selected using the following criteria: (i) the normalize signal values are over 100 in both of S1 and S2, and (ii) the fold change values are consistently lower than 0.5 in all of the four comparisons. The genes that satisfied the above criteria were sorted in the numerical order of the log2 ratios calculated as log2 (average of L1 and L2 / average of S1 and S2). Gene Ontology analysis for the differentially expressed genes was conducted using the DAVID website. Table S1. Table S2.