Download Cell Structure and Function

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Cell Structure and Function
BENCHMARK COVERED: SC.912.L.14.3 Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells. Compare
and contrast the general structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.
_____ 1. Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?
a. The cell lacks cytoplasm.
c. The cell lacks a nucleus.
b. The cell lacks a cell membrane.
d. The cell lacks genetic material.
_____ 2. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
a. mitochondria.
c. chromatin
b. nucleolus
d. DNA
_____ 3. Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer useful?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. lysosome
d. mitochondrion
Figure 7–1
_____4. Which structure in the cell shown in Figure 7–1 above stores materials, such as water, salts, proteins, and
carbohydrates?
a. structure A
c. structure C
b. structure B
d. structure D
_____5. Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
a. ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
b. ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
c. endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
d. ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum
_____6. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into useable energy?
a. chloroplast
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
d. mitochondrion
_____7. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
a. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
b. stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
c. keeps the cell wall in place
d. regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell
_____8. The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other.
What are these channels and pumps made of?
a. carbohydrates
c. bilipids
b. lipids
d. proteins
_____9. The cells of unicellular organisms are
a. specialized to perform different tasks.
b. larger than those of multicellular organisms
c. able to carry out all of the functions necessary for life.
d. unable to respond to changes in their environment.
_____10. Which of the following structures are common to plant cells but not to animal cells?
a. cell walls and chloroplasts
c. cell membranes and mitochondria
b. nuclear envelopes and nucleoli
d. ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulums
SHORT-CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE (FOR POST TEST ONLY)
In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
1. Is the cell in Figure 7–2 a prokaryote or a eukaryote? How
can you tell? Use the features labeled A, B, and C to
describe the cell.
This cell is a prokaryote. It has a cell wall, indicated by the letter
B, and its DNA, indicated by the letter C, is not enclosed in a
nucleus.
Figure 7–2
Figure 7–3
2. Identify each of the cell structures indicated in Figure 7–3. Use these terms: nucleus, mitochondrion, ribosome,
cell membrane, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, Golgi apparatus,
cytoplasm.
(A) rough endoplasmic reticulum; (B) cytoplasm; (C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum; (D) nucleolus; (E) nucleus; (F)
mitochondrion; (G) Golgi apparatus; (H) ribosome; (I) cell membrane