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Ayala Earth Science Semester 2 Midterm Samples
8. A wind that consistently blows more often from
one direction than from any other is called a ____.
a. local wind
b. prevailing wind
c. trade wind
d. jet stream
1. Which force generates winds?
a. the Coriolis effect
b. gravity
c. pressure differences
d. friction
2. How would the climate of a coastal city differ from
that of a city at the same latitude located farther
inland?
a. The coastal city would have cooler summers.
b. The coastal city would have colder winters.
c. The coastal city would have hotter summers.
d. They are at the same latitude so their climates
would not differ.
9. What is true about relative humidity?
a. It indicates how near the air is to saturation.
b. It indicates the actual quantity of water vapor in
the air.
c. It is the general term used to describe the
amount of water vapor in air.
d. It is the temperature to which a parcel of air
would need to be cooled to reach saturation.
3. What is true about warm, saturated air?
a. It contains less water vapor than cold air.
b. It contains more water vapor than cold air.
c. It contains the same amount of water vapor as
cold air.
d. It does not contain any water vapor.
10. What is the relationship between elevation and
climate?
a. The higher the elevation is, the colder the
climate.
b. The lower the elevation is, the colder the
climate.
c. The higher the elevation is, the warmer the
climate.
d. There is no relationship between elevation and
climate.
4. Which of the following terms best describes air?
a. element
b. compound
c. mixture
d. none of the above
5. Global winds move warm air toward the ____.
a. equator
b. oceans
c. atmosphere
d. poles
11. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with
a low-pressure system blow ____.
a. counterclockwise toward the center
b. clockwise toward the center
c. clockwise outward from the center
d. counterclockwise outward from the center
6. Variations in air pressure from place to place are
the principal cause of ____.
a. snow
b. rain
c. wind
d. clouds
12. What happens to the intensity of solar energy as
latitude increases?
a. It stays the same.
b. It increases.
c. It decreases.
d. It doubles.
7. In polar areas, solar radiation strikes Earth at a
____.
a. small angle
b. large angle
c. right angle
d. greater angle than at the tropics
13. Which form of precipitation is likely to occur when
a layer of air with temperatures above freezing
overlies a subfreezing layer near the ground?
a. rain
b. sleet
c. snow
d. hail
1
Keep your eyes on your own test.
Form : A
14. If the water-vapor content of air remains constant,
lowering air temperature causes a(n) ____.
a. decrease in relative humidity
b. increase in relative humidity
c. increase in evaporation
d. temperature inversion
21. Which term describes the conversion of a solid
directly to a gas, without passing through the liquid
state?
a. evaporation
b. sublimation
c. condensation
d. deposition
15. High-altitude, high-velocity “rivers” of air are
called ____.
a. cyclones
b. jet streams
c. anticyclones
d. tornadoes
22. Which phenomenon is associated with surface
temperatures in the eastern Pacific that are colder
than average?
a. La Niña
b. El Niño
c. global warming
d. local winds
16. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. All objects, at any temperature, emit radiant
energy.
b. The hottest radiating bodies produce the
shortest wavelengths of maximum radiation.
c. Hotter objects radiate more total energy per
unit area than do colder objects.
d. Objects that are good absorbers of radiation are
good reflectors as well.
23. Air subsides in the center of a(n) ____.
a. low-pressure system
b. high-pressure system
c. jet stream
d. area of surface convergence
24. What two factors are used to classify climate in the
Köppen climate classification system?
a. temperature and air pressure
b. elevation and latitude
c. temperature and precipitation
d. precipitation and location
17. Which climate experiences seasonal periods of
perpetual night?
a. humid tropical
b. humid mid-latitude
c. highland
d. polar
25. How does volcanic ash in Earth’s atmosphere affect
solar radiation?
a. It increases the amount of solar radiation that
reaches Earth’s surface.
b. It increases the amount of solar radiation that is
absorbed by oceans and lakes.
c. It increases the amount of solar radiation that is
reflected into space.
d. all of the above
18. Near the equator, rising air is associated with a
pressure zone known as the ____.
a. equatorial high
b. equatorial low
c. tropical low
d. tropical high
19. A sea breeze usually originates during the ____.
a. evening and flows toward the land
b. day and flows toward the land
c. evening and flows toward the water
d. day and flows toward the water
26. Low-pressure zones at the equator and in subpolar
regions cause ____.
a. changes in vegetation
b. rain shadows
c. cloud formation
d. extreme temperatures
20. Most important weather phenomena occur in the
____.
a. stratosphere
b. mesosphere
c. troposphere
d. thermosphere
2
Keep your eyes on your own test.
Form : A
34. Seasonal changes in wind direction associated with
large landmasses and adjacent water bodies are
called ____.
a. polar fronts
b. jet streams
c. monsoons
d. trade winds
27. Earth receives energy from the sun through what
method of heat transfer?
a. conduction
b. convection
c. radiation
d. none of the above
28. What is true about stable air?
a. It tends to rise.
b. It tends to resist rising.
c. It is associated with severe storms.
d. It is never associated with precipitation.
35. Rain, snow, sleet, and hail are all examples of ____.
a. evaporation
b. condensation
c. precipitation
d. deposition
29. Orographic lifting is associated with ____.
a. mountains
b. rivers
c. flat plains
d. fronts
36. City A in the Southern Hemisphere and City B in
the Northern Hemisphere are located at the same
latitude. Which of the following is likely true about
these cities?
a. City A has the larger annual temperature range.
b. City B has the larger annual temperature range.
c. Both cities likely have the same annual
temperature range.
d. Both cities should have nearly identical winter
temperatures.
30. According to Figure 21-1, which statement best
describes temperature patterns for St. Louis,
Missouri?
a. There is little seasonal variation in temperature.
b. The coldest month is February.
c. The temperature range is approximately 45°C.
d. High temperatures average around 28°C.
37. What is true about an ocean current that is moving
toward the equator?
a. It is warm.
b. It is fast.
c. It is cold.
d. It is slow.
31. Which process does NOT decrease the salinity of
water?
a. runoff from land
b. formation of sea ice
c. precipitation
d. melting of sea ice
38. When air transfers energy to a cooler object, what
happens to the air temperature?
a. It increases.
b. It decreases.
c. It stays the same.
d. It fluctuates.
32. In which direction is air pressure exerted?
a. upward
b. downward
c. sideways
d. all of the above
39. Which type of climate has no winters?
a. humid tropical
b. dry
c. polar
d. highland
33. According to the conveyor belt model of ocean
circulation, what happens when water reaches the
poles?
a. The salinity of the water increases.
b. The salinity of the water decreases.
c. The density of the water decreases.
d. The temperature of the water increases.
3
Keep your eyes on your own test.
Form : A
40. In general, what is true about places at higher
altitudes?
a. They have cooler temperatures than places at
lower altitudes.
b. They have the same temperatures as places at
lower altitudes.
c. They have warmer temperatures than places at
lower altitudes.
d. They have less predictable temperatures than
places at lower altitudes.
46. What is the relationship between fossil fuels and
the greenhouse effect?
a. Burning fossil fuels decreases incoming solar
radiation.
b. Burning fossil fuels decreases the absorption
capacity of greenhouse gases.
c. Burning fossil fuels lowers the greenhouse
effect.
d. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere.
41. What phenomenon naturally warms Earth’s lower
atmosphere and surface?
a. the formation of sunspots
b. changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit
c. global warming
d. the greenhouse effect
47. Which clouds are often associated with thunder and
lightning?
a. cirrostratus
b. altostratus
c. cumulonimbus
d. nimbostratus
42. At night, clouds act as a blanket by ____.
a. absorbing incoming radiation
b. absorbing outgoing radiation
c. reflecting incoming radiation
d. reflecting outgoing radiation
48. During the twentieth century, Earth’s average
surface temperature ____.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. stayed the same
d. fluctuated wildly
43. The rising of cold water from deeper layers to
replace warmer surface water is called ____.
a. the Coriolis effect
b. a surface current
c. upwelling
d. reflection
49. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with
a high-pressure system blow ____.
a. counterclockwise toward the center
b. clockwise toward the center
c. clockwise outward from the center
d. counterclockwise outward from the center
44. On which date does the Antarctic Circle have 24
hours of daylight?
a. June 21
b. March 21
c. September 21
d. December 21
50. Because of the Coriolis effect, ocean currents in the
Northern Hemisphere are deflected to the ____.
a. right
b. left
c. north
d. south
45. Which of the following best describes the general
air temperature on a cloudy night?
a. lower than on a clear night
b. higher than on a clear night
c. the same as on a clear night
d. less predictable than on a clear night
51. Weather-producing fronts are parts of storm
systems called ____.
a. middle-latitude cyclones
b. hurricanes
c. tropical storms
d. tornadoes
4
ID: A
Ayala Earth Science Semester 2 Midterm Samples
Answer Section
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19.3
21.3
18.3
17.1
21.4
19.3
21.1
19.10
18.4
21.2
19.5
21.1
18.13
18.5
19.4
17.5
21.10
19.8
19.9
17.1
18.2
19.11
19.6
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21.12
21.4
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21.8
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19.1
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5.a | 5.b
6.b
5.a | 5.b
8.a
5.a | 6.c
5.a | 5.b
6.c
5.a
5.a | 5.b
6.b
5.b
6.a | 6.b
5.a
5.a | 5.c
5.a | 5.b
4.b
6.b
5.b
5.a | 5.b
8.a
5.a
5.a | 5.b
5.b
6.c
4.b | 6.c
6.c
4.b | 5.a
5.b
5.f
6.b
5.b | 5.d
5.b
5.a | 5.b | 5.d
5.a | 5.b
5.a
6.b
5.b | 5.d
5.c
6.b
6.b
4.d | 6.c | 6.d
4.b
5.b | 5.c | 5.d
ID: A
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B
D
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C
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A
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5.b
5.c
6.d
5.a
6.c
5.b
5.b
5.a