Download Unit 2B Organelle PPT(1)

Cellular Organelles
SB1.a. Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining
homeostasis and cell reproduction.
CELL (PLASMA)
MEMBRANE :
What?
• thin, flexible barrier
between cell and
environment
Fxn
• Controls what goes in
and out of the cellselectively permeable
Where
• Prok & Euk (Plant &
Animal)
• (ALL)
CELL WALL:
What?
•outermost
boundary
Fxn:
•provides support
and protection
Where?
• plant cells only
NUCLEUS:
What?
•Contains & protects DNA
which is usually all tangled
up in the form of
CHROMATIN
Fxn:
•controls all functioning of
the cell- “brain” – if
removed, cell dies.
Where?
Plant and animal
CHROMOSOMES/Chromatin
What?
• Coiled strands of
DNA
Fxn:
• Carry hereditary traits
Where?
• Both plant and animal
NUCLEOLUS:
What?
•dark region inside the nucleus
Fxn:
•Produces ribosomes
Where?
•Plant and Animal
RIBOSOMES
What?
• Look like small dots
• Free ribosomes- float in cytoplasm
• Attached ribosomes- connected to Rough ER
Fxn:
• Site of protein synthesis
Where?
• Both Prokaryote and Eukaryote
(plant and animals)
CYTOPLASM
What?
– Jellylike material
Fxn:
– Chemical reactions
occur here
Where
– Prokaryote AND
Eukaryote (plant and
animal)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Rough ER)
What?
• Network of
interconnected flattened
sacs that are studded
with ribosomes.
Fxn:
• Provides a pathway thru
which ribosomes make
proteins. May enclose
products in transport
vesicles
Where
• Plant and animal
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Smooth ER)
What?
• No ribosomes, folded
network of tubules
outside rough ER.
Fxn:
• Lipid Synthesis,
detoxification by liver
cells, store calcium ions
Where?
• Both plant and animal
GOLGI APPARATUS:
What?
•Stacked, flattened sacs (like
pancakes)
Fxn:
•Store, modify, transport
macromolecules. Form
lysosomes and transport
vesicles.
Where?
•Plant and animal
VACUOLES:
What?
Contractile vacuole: pump out
excess water in single-celled
water dwelling organisms
Central vacuole: large
vacuole found in plants used for
water storage
Fxn:
•storage areas for food,
water, enzymes and
wastes
Where?
•Plant and animal
LYSOSOME:
What?
•Sac-like structure
Fxn:
•Contain digestive enzymes that digest
excess or worn out cell parts, food or
invaders- “killer cells” or “suicide sacs”
Where?
•Plant and animal
MITOCHONDRIA:
What?
•Jelly bean shape with
inner folds
Fxn:
•“powerhouse” of cellreleases energy from food
molecules and turns it into
ATP
Where?
•Plant and animal
CHLOROPLASTS:
What?
•Contain green pigment called
chlorophyll
Fxn:
•Conversion of light energy to
chemical energy of sugarsphotosynthesis
Where?
•Plant cells only
CYTOSKELETON
What?
inside cytoplasm:
•Microtubules- tube shaped
•Microfilaments- hair-like
Fxn:
•Help in movement and
maintaining shape
Where?
•Plants and animals
FLAGELLA:
•What: Long tail-like projection
that moves in whiplike motion
•Fxn: movement
•CILIA:
•What: Hairlike projections that
move in waves outside cell
•Fxn: movement
Centrioles
What?
• Found near the
nucleus, made of
microtubles
Fxn:
• Used in reproduction
of the cell
Where?
• Animal cells only