Download Group Quiz: Evolution Unit (Chapters 10, 11, 12)

Group Quiz: Evolution Unit (Chapters 10, 11, 12)
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
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1. The origin of cells is clearly understood.
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2. The photosynthetic cyanobacteria produced the oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere.
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3. Our Earth has seen 5 major extinctions which have had a significant impact on the course of evolution of life.
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4. Species that have evolved from a common ancestor should have certain characteristics in common.
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5. Natural selection can cause the spread of an advantageous adaptation throughout a population.
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6. The two major ideas that Darwin presented in The Origin of the Species were that evolution occurred and that
natural selection was its mechanism.
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7. Natural selection causes allele frequencies within populations to remain the same.
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8. The fossil record suggests that species have become less complex with time.
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9. The human forelimb and the bat forelimb are homologous structures.
____ 10. Early in development, human embryos and the embryos of all other vertebrates are strikingly similar.
____ 11. The environment selects which organisms will survive and reproduce by presenting challenges that only
individuals with particular traits can meet.
____ 12. Intersexual selection is competition among males.
____ 13. It was in 1749 that Georges Buffon proposed that species shared ancestors and also suggested that the Earth
was more than 6000 years old.
____ 14. Because jaguars with larger jaws are able to eat shelled reptiles, this is an example of an adaptation.
____ 15. The evolution of the tail fin between sharks (fish) and dolphins (mammals) is an example of divergent
evolution.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 16. What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?
a. variation b. adaptation c. homologous structure d. vestigial structure
____ 17. Which scientist developed a classification system for organisms?
a. Carolus Linnaeus b. Charles Darwin c. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck d. Georges L.L. de Buffon
____ 18. Which theory states that floods and earthquakes have occurred often in Earth's history?
a. uniformitarianism b. natural selection c. catastrophism d. artificial selection
____ 19. What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?
a. natural selection b. inheritance of acquired characteristics c. artificial selection d. descent without
modification
____ 20. The combined alleles of all the individuals in a population is called the
a. phenotype. b. gene pool. c. mutation rate. d. allele frequency.
____ 21. Figure 11.1 shows how a population of cacti changes when it faces selective pressure from two predators:
peccaries (wild pigs) and a parasitic insect. The dashed line shows the original population. The insects most
often kill cacti with a(n)
a. intermediate number of spines. b. high number of spines. c. low number of spines. d. complete lack of
spines.
____ 22. Figure 11.2 shows the tail feather length of male widowbirds and their reproductive success. The males that
had the greatest reproductive success were the birds with tails that were
a. particularly short. b. mid-length. c. relatively long. d. any length.
____ 23. When a few individuals start a new colony it most likely results in
a. genetic drift. b. more variety in the new population. c. extinction. d. disruptive selection.
____ 24. What type of isolation occurs when the timing of reproduction is different between two populations?
a. geographic b. temporal c. behavioral d. selective
____ 25. Two species that are closely related become increasingly different through
a. divergent evolution. b. disruptive selection. c. convergent isolation. d. competitive relationships.
____ 26. Fossils that consist of minerals that have filled in an open mold of an organism are called
a. permineralized. b. natural casts. c. preserved remains. d. trace fossils.
____ 27. The smallest unit of geologic time is a(n)
a. epoch. b. period. c. era. d. eon.
____ 28. What do scientists estimate as the age of Earth?
a. about 100 million years old b. about 4 billion years old c. about 10 billion years old d. about 4 million
years old
____ 29. The Miller-Urey experiment demonstrated that
a. organic molecules first could have come to Earth on a meteorite. b. iron-sulfide bubbles may have acted as
the first cell membranes. c. liposome membranes containing organic molecules preceded true cells.
d. energy from lightning might have helped create Earth's first organic molecules.
____ 30. The first land organisms emerged during the
a. Cretaceous period. b. Paleozoic era. c. Mesozoic era. d. Tertiary period.
____ 31. The Age of Reptiles is a term often used to describe the
a. Mesozoic era. b. Paleozoic era. c. Cenozoic era. d. Precambrian Time.
____ 32. Refer to the illustration above. The bones labeled A are known as
a. vestigial structures. b. sequential structures. c. homologous structures. d. fossil structures.
____ 33. Which of the following is a vestigial structure?
a. the human tailbone b. the bill of a finch c. flower color d. fossil cast
____ 34. The hypothesis that evolution occurs at a slow, constant rate is known as
a. gradualism. b. slow motion. c. natural selection. d. adaptation.
____ 35. Since natural resources are limited on Earth, all organisms
a. must migrate to new habitats. b. face a constant struggle for existence. c. display vestigial structures.
d. have a species half-life.
____ 36. The finches that Darwin studied differed in the shape of their beaks. According to Darwin, the finches
probably
a. all had a common ancestor. b. had been created by design that way. c. were descended from similar birds
in Africa. d. ate the same diet.
____ 37. Beak shape in finches is affected by
a. the number of predators in the area. b. the size of the finch. c. the color of the finch. d. the availability
of food.
____ 38. The ship that Darwin did most of his Galapagos research on was named the ?
a. Terrier b. Retriever c. Hound d. Beagle
____ 39. Which is NOT one of the four main principles to the theory of natural selection?
a. variation b. overproduction c. adaptation d. mutation
____ 40. A root growing downward and a shoot growing upward are both examples of
a. phototropism. b. thigmotropism. c. photoperiodism. d. gravitropism.
____ 41.
This graph represents which type of selection
on a population?
a. stabilizing b. disruptive c. directional d. antagonal
____ 42. Which has a negative effect on a population?
a. gene flow b. natural selection c. genetic drift d. sexual selection
____ 43. We are able to know more about molecular and genetic evidence for evolution through ?
a. DNA sequences analysis b. pseudogenes c. protein comparisons d. all of the above
____ 44. Organisms found in ice are examples of which type of fossil?
a. permineralization b. natural cast c. trace fossils d. preserved remains
____ 45. Which isotope is known to help date fossils with radiometric dating?
a. C-10 b. C-12 c. C-14 d. C-16
Group Quiz: Evolution Unit (Chapters 10, 11, 12)
Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
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ANS:
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F
T
T
T
T
T
F
F
T
T
T
F
T
T
F
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
MULTIPLE CHOICE
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
ANS:
ANS:
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ANS:
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STA:
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STA:
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ANS:
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B
DIF: Level A
STA: GA BIO.SB4.e | GA BIO.SB5.d | GA BIO.SB5.e
A
DIF: Level A
C
DIF: Level A
C
DIF: Level A
B
DIF: Level A
B
DIF: Level A
GA BIO.SCSh3.d | GA BIO.SCSh4.b | GA BIO.SCSh6.b | GA BIO.SCSh8.b | GA BIO.SB5.e
C
DIF: Level A
GA BIO.SCSh3.d | GA BIO.SCSh4.b | GA BIO.SCSh6.b | GA BIO.SCSh8.b | GA BIO.SB5.e
A
DIF: Level A
STA: GA BIO.SB5.d
B
DIF: Level A
A
DIF: Level A
B
DIF: Level A
A
DIF: Level A
B
DIF: Level A
D
DIF: Level A
B
DIF: Level A
A
DIF: Level A
C
DIF: II
A
DIF: I
A
DIF: I
B
DIF: I
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
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A
D
D
D
D
C
C
D
D
C
DIF: I
DIF: I
DIF: Level A
STA: GA BIO.SB4.e