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PLATE TECTONICS AND
MOUNTAINS
1. Introduction
2. Plate tectonics and mountain building
3. Volcanic mountains
4. Fold mountains
5. Fault block mountains
Mount Washington, New Hampshire
Mount Washington, New Hampshire
View from the summit of Mount Washington,
New Hampshire
More rugged mountains in Glencoe, Scotland
More rugged mountains in Glencoe, Scotland
Map of Global Relief. Source: National Geophysical Data Center.
Map of Tectonic Plate Boundaries
Source: National Geophysical Data Center.
Lithification
Sedimentary
rocks
Heat &
pressure
Weathering,
erosion,
transportation,
deposition
Igneous
rocks
Crystallization
THE ROCK CYCLE
Source: Christopherson, 2009, p. 334
Metamorphic
rocks
Melting
The concept of isostasy
Isostasy and mountain roots
Isostatic equilibrium
Divergent
Plate
Boundaries
The East African
Rift Valley- An
Example of a
Divergent Plate
Boundary
Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Ocean-Continent Convergence
Mount Rainier, Washington
Popocatapetl, Mexico
Mauna Loa, Hawaii
Mauna Kea, Hawaii
Mauna Kea,
Hawaii
Mauna Kea, Hawaii
Volcanoes on Mars
Olympus Mons, Mars
ContinentContinent
Convergence
Aerial photograph
of Mount Everest
Grey limestone summit block
Yellow Band (friable limestone,
shale and sandstone)
Metamorphosed shale with
granite and quartzite intrusions
Gneiss (metamorphosed granite)
Spantik (7027 m),
showing the Golden
Pillar
(Source:
http://www.manaraga.ur.ru/NEWS
Fold Mountains, Chamonix Valley, French Alps
Fold Mountains, Chamonix Valley, French Alps
Fault Block Mountains: the Sierra Nevada
Fault Block Mountains: the Grand Tetons
Tilted fault-block mountains, Grand Tetons,
Wyoming
Plateau summits, Rocky Mountain National
Park, Colorado
Plateau summits, Rocky Mountain National
Park, Colorado
Plateau summits,
Rocky Mountain
National Park,
Colorado
Plateau summit, Long’s Peak, Rocky Mountain
National Park, Colorado
Plateau summit, Long’s Peak, Rocky Mountain
National Park, Colorado