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Right Tools for the Job The Written by Sarah O’Neil The Right Tools for the Job Text type: Explanation Level: L (22) Word count: 697 Content vocabulary acid anteater/s ants beak beavers blood claws eyesight fangs flowers giraffe gnaw grasshopper hovering hummingbird/s hyena/s insects leaves nectar poison prey scavengers snouts spiders stomach sucking survive teeth termites thorns tongue/s tool/s turkey vultures vampire bats Uncommon phonics either eyesight fruit gnaw prey through whole The Right Tools for the Job Curriculum link • Science: Living things – animals: structure, and function Key concepts • Some animals eat food that is difficult to reach, collect, or get to. • These animals have the right body parts to get the foods they need. Possible reading strategy • Reading and interpreting a summary chart Paired book Arnold Saves the Day © 2010-2014 EC Licensing Pty Ltd. This work is protected by US copyright law, and under international copyright conventions, applicable in the jurisdictions in which it is published. All rights reserved. The trademark “Flying Start to Literacy” and Star device is a registered trademark of EC Licensing Pty Ltd in the US. Purchasers of this book may have certain rights under applicable copyright law to copy parts of this book. Purchasers must make the necessary enquiries to ascertain whether and to what extent they have any such right in the jurisdiction in which they will be using the book. Photographs on pages 2 (bottom right circle) © Loretta Hostettler, 1, 5 (top right circle), 7 (top right circle) and 10 (top circle), all from iStockphoto.com; page 7 © Oxford Scientific Films/AUSCAPE; cover (top left), pages 2 (top circle), 22 (bottom), 24 (left circle) © Yanik Chauvin, 2 (bottom left circle) and cover (2nd image) © Cathy Keifer, 6 (top) © George Bailey, 8 © Appleimages, 10 © Malani Oconnor, 11 © Celso Diniz, 12 (top) © Bidouze Stéphane, 13 (bottom), 23 (2nd photo) © Michael Lynch, 14 © Cathy Keifer, 15 © Tiaw Leong, 18 (top) © Paul Wolf, 19, 23 (4th photo) © Dave Willman, 20 © Senai Aksoy, 23 (top) © Trevor Allen, 22 (middle), and 24 (top right circle) © Vchphoto, all from Dreamstime; pages 12 and 16 © 2009 Jupiter Images Corporation, from Photos.com; cover (3rd left), pages 5 (bottom and left circle), 13 (top), 17, 24 (bottom circle) and 23 (3rd image) all from Photolibrary; cover (bottom image) © André Gonçalves, and 22 (top ) © Jason Kasumovic, all from Shutterstock. Developed by Eleanor Curtain Publishing Designed by Derek Schneider Printed and bound in China through Colorcraft Ltd, Hong Kong Distributed in the USA by Okapi Educational Publishing Inc. Phone: 866-652-7436 Fax: 800-481-5499 Email: [email protected] www.myokapi.com www.flying-start-to-literacy.com ISBN: 978-1-74234-616-8 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 17 18 19 Written by Sarah O’Neil Contents Introduction 5 Chapter 1:Animals that eat plants 6 Beavers 7 Giraffes 8 Hummingbirds 10 Chapter 2: Animals that eat meat 12 Vampire bats 13 Spiders 14 16 Anteaters Chapter 3: Animal scavengers 18 19 Turkey vultures Hyenas 20 Chapter 4:The right tools for the job 22 Conclusion24 Introduction All animals need food to survive. Getting food is not always easy, but animals have the body parts they need to get food and to eat it. They use these body parts as tools. 5 Beavers Chapter 1 Animals that eat plants Beavers eat the bark from trees. They also eat grass and leaves. They have long, sharp front teeth that help them gnaw through the hard bark on small trees. As they gnaw through the bark, their teeth get worn down. A beaver’s teeth never stop growing. Many animals eat plants. Some eat leaves, others eat fruit and seeds. Some animals eat the wood and bark from plants. But some plants can be hard to eat and hard to A beaver can cut down more than 250 trees in a year. reach. The animals that eat them have the right body parts to help them. 6 7 Giraffes Giraffes eat leaves that grow on tall trees. These leaves are high above the ground. Giraffes have long necks that help them reach these leaves. Giraffes often eat leaves that have long, sharp thorns. These thorns keep many animals from eating the leaves. Giraffes move their tongues around the thorns and eat the soft leaves without getting pricked by the thorns. 8 9 Hummingbirds Hummingbirds eat nectar from flowers. The nectar is in the center of a flower. A hummingbird has a long, thin beak and a long, grooved tongue Hummingbirds are the only birds that can hover. that it puts into a flower. The nectar sticks to its grooved tongue. Hummingbirds beat their wings more than 200 times per second. When they beat their wings this fast, they can stay in the one place in the air without falling. This is called hovering. Hummingbirds need to hover above flowers to get the nectar. 10 11 Vampire bats Chapter 2 Animals that eat meat Vampire bats drink the blood of animals such as cows, pigs, horses, and birds. Vampire bats have sensors in their noses. The sensors help the bats find where the blood is closest to an animal’s skin. Vampire bats bite a small hole in the animal’s skin and then drink its blood. Many animals catch and eat other animals. The animals they catch and eat are called prey. Some animals are hard to catch and eat. Animals that hunt prey have the body parts they need to catch and eat their food. 12 13 Spiders Spiders eat insects and other small Spiders do not have teeth, so they animals. When a spider catches its prey, cannot bite or chew their food. it uses its fangs to put poison into the animal. The poison either kills the animal or stops it from moving while the spider eats it. 14 Spiders eat by sucking out the liquids in the bodies of the animals they catch. They do not eat the hard, outer shells. 15 Anteaters Anteaters cannot see very well but they have a very good sense of smell. Anteaters eat up to 20,000 ants every day. This helps them to find the ants and termites that they eat. Anteaters use their strong front legs and long, sharp claws to break open ant or termite nests. When the nest is open, anteaters stick their long, thin snouts inside and lick up ants or termites with their long, sticky tongues. Anteaters do not have teeth, so they swallow ants whole. 16 17 Chapter 3 Animal scavengers Turkey vultures Turkey vultures are scavengers. They eat animals that have died, but they have to find them first. Turkey vultures have large wings. They use their wings to glide high above the ground looking for food. They also have good eyesight and a good sense of smell. This helps them find their food from the air. Some animals are scavengers. Scavengers are animals that eat food that is already dead. They have the right body parts to find this food and to eat it. 18 Turkey vultures are one of the few birds that have a good sense of smell. 19 Hyenas Hyenas are scavengers, too. They often Hyenas have a strong acid in their stomachs. eat animals that have died. This means that they can eat every part Hyenas have very strong jaws and teeth. They use their teeth to break an animal’s of another animal including the skin, teeth, horns, and bones. body into smaller pieces. 20 21 Chapter 4 The right tools for the job Animal Food Tools Spider insects • fangs with poison Vampire bat blood • sensors sharp teeth Anteater ants, termites Animals have the body parts they need to catch and eat food. These are the right tools for the job. Animal Food Tools Beaver bark, leaves, and grass • • teeth • • • Giraffe leaves • • Hummingbird nectar from flowers • • • 22 long neck long tongue long, thin beak grooved tongue fast-beating wings Turkey vulture dead animals • • • Hyena dead animals • • sharp claws long snout sticky tongue strong wings g ood sense of smell good eyesight strong jaws and teeth acid in its stomach 23 FLYING START TO LITERACY FLUENT STAGE Chapter books Level K (19–20) Level L (21–22) FLUENT PLUS STAGE Chapter books Level M (23–24) Level N (25–26) Level O (27–28) Level K (19) Paired books Amazing Gardens The Giant's Garden Polar Bears A Bear Called Trouble Level K (20) Paired books Conclusion Animals have many Looking After Tide Pools The Smart Little Crab Driver Ants Killer Ants Level L (21) Paired books Animals That Store Food A Tale of Two Squirrels I Am an Inventor Gabby's Fast Ride Level L (22) Paired books The Right Tools for the Job Arnold Saves the Day ways of getting food. The First Flight The Balloon Adventure Each animal has the Level M (23) Paired books body parts it needs Body Works The Mystery Trip Built By Hand Dr. Zardos and the Mind Stone to help it to find, catch, and eat food. 24 Level M (24) Paired books Living in Space Space Camp Marathon Journal The Marathon Man Level P (29–30) Flying Start to Literacy: Level L (22)