Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Outline notes on migration theories, geography, Native Americans, Columbian Exchange (Additional materials were provided in class and some items can be accessed on GoogleClassroom) Migration theories: Migrate: to move Theory: an idea about something based on evidence Major theories: o Beringia Theory (Land Bridge Theory): during the last Ice Age when glaciers formed the sea-level dropped exposing land between Asia and Alaska. Early nomadic hunters followed animals across land bridge and spread out across North and South America developing distinct culture regions. o Oceania Theory: people from Asia migrated to North America by boat across the Pacific Ocean o Atlantic Theory: people from Europe migrated to North America by boat across the Atlantic Ocean Geography of North America: Many physical features (mountains, rivers, plains, deserts, lakes, oceans) Some physical features make exploration/settlement difficult (ie: mountain ranges) Some physical features make exploration/settlement easier (ie: rivers) Many different climate regions in the U.S. o Climate: weather over an extended period of time (includes temperature and precipitation) Major climate regions (make sure you can locate on a map, there is one posted in GoogleClassroom that will help you) Continental: where we live! four seasons, some precipitation Sub-tropical: hot and humid Semi-Arid: hot, dry summers, cold, snowy, winters Desert: Hot and dry Marine Westcoast: Mild and rainy Highland: Cold and snowy high in mountains, more mild in summer/spring at bottom Native Americans: Ancestors of people who first migrated to North/South America Many different culture regions develop because the environment (physical and climate features) of the U.S. varies so much. o Culture: the whole way of life of a group of people (ie: clothes, food, shelter, holidays) o Native American groups adapted to their environment and their culture reflects the environment they lived in. Sioux: Nomadic hunters, who lived on arid Great Plains region, relied on buffalo to survive. Relied on buffalo for everything: food, clothing, tools, and shelter (teepee) Hopi: Hunter/Gatherer/Farmers who lived in desert region of the Southwest. Have to use irrigation to grow crops like corn, beans, and squash Built apartment-like homes out of adobe called pueblos. o Built homes high in cliffs to be protected from enemy tribes Iroquois: Lived in Eastern Woodlands (New York State) region Created the League of Iroquois or Iroquois Confederacy to keep peace among the five tribes o Confederacy: loose alliance of independent groups o U.S. government has similarities to League of Iroquois Columbian Exchange: Named after Christopher Columbus Worldwide exchange of goods that began after Columbus “discovered” America in 1492 Items exchanged: food, livestock, disease o Disease will kill huge numbers of Native Americans