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Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning (CR) Conditioned Response (CS) Conditioned Stimulus Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning (NS) Neutral Stimulus Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning (NR) No Response Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning (UCS) Unconditioned Stimulus Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning (UCR) Unconditioned Response Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Repeated pairings (NS) Neutral Stimulus Classical Conditioning (UCS) Unconditioned Stimulus Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning (NR) No response Observational Learning (CR) Conditioned Response (CS) Conditioned Stimulus Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning John Watson Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Little Albert Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning (CR) (UR) (CS) (US) Products Sexual imagery (e.g., jeans) Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Pleasant emotional response Observational Learning Extinction (CS alone) 15 10 5 0 Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Spontaneous Extinction Recovery (CS alone) 15 10 5 0 Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning 24-hour rest Generalization (CS) (US) White Rat Loud Gong Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Behavior Consequence Patronize Elmo’s Diner Response Rewarding Stimulus Presented Tendency to tell jokes increases Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Speaker Signal lights Lever Skinner Box To food dispenser Food pellet Electric grid To shock generator Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Cumulative Recorder Drum One response Not responding Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Series of rapid responses Pen Reinforcement slash Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Cumulative Responses Rate decreasing Response extinguished High rate Rate increasing Time Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Continuous Reinforcement Intermittent Reinforcement Response Reinforcer Response Response Reinforcer Response Response Reinforcer Response Response Reinforcer Response Response Reinforcer Response Response Reinforcer Response Response Reinforcer Response Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Reinforcer Reinforcer Reinforcer Cumulative Responses Fixed-ratio (FR) Lower resistance to extinction Rapid responding Short pause after reinforcement Note: Higher ratios generate higher response rates Time Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Cumulative Responses Variable-ratio (VR) Higher resistance to extinction High, steady rate without pauses Note: Higher ratios generate higher response rates Time Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Cumulative Responses Fixed-interval (FI) Lower resistance to extinction Long pause after reinforcement yields “scalloping” effect Note: Short intervals generate higher rates overall Time Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Cumulative Responses Variable-interval (VI) Higher resistance to extinction Note: Low, steady rate without pauses Short intervals generate higher rates overall Time Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Reinforcement and Punishment Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Reinforcement and Punishment Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Unconditioned Stimulus (Illness) (CR) (UR) Nausea Conditioned Stimulus (Taste of Berries) Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Albert Bandura Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning Observational Learning
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