Download Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers

OpenStax-CNX module: m34868
1
Multiplication and Division of
Whole Numbers: Summary of Key
Concepts
∗
Wade Ellis
Denny Burzynski
This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0†
Abstract
This module is from Fundamentals of Mathematics by Denny Burzynski and Wade Ellis, Jr. This
module summarizes the concepts discussed in the chapter "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers."
1 Summary of Key Concepts
Multiplication ( here1 )
Multiplication is a description
of repeated addition.
7+7+7+7
{z
}
|
7 appears 4 times
This expression is described by writing 4 X 7.
Multiplicand/Multiplier/Product ( here2 )
In a multiplication of whole numbers, the repeated addend is called the multiplicand, and the number that
records the number of times the multiplicand is used is the multiplier. The result of the multiplication is
the product.
Factors ( here3 )
In a multiplication, the numbers being multiplied are also called factors. Thus, the multiplicand and the
multiplier can be called factors.
Division ( here4 )
Division is a description
∗ Version
of repeated subtraction.
1.2: Aug 18, 2010 8:44 pm -0500
† http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
1 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34863/latest/>
2 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34863/latest/>
3 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34863/latest/>
4 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34864/latest/>
http://cnx.org/content/m34868/1.2/
Multiplication of Whole Numbers"
Multiplication of Whole Numbers"
Multiplication of Whole Numbers"
Concepts of Division of Whole Numbers"
OpenStax-CNX module: m34868
2
Dividend/Divisor/Quotient ( here5 )
In a division, the number divided into is called the dividend, and the number dividing into the dividend is
called the divisor. The result of the division is called the quotient.
quotient
divisor)dividend
Division into Zero ( here6 )
Zero divided by any nonzero whole number is zero.
Division by Zero ( here7 )
Division by zero does not name a whole number. It is, therefore, undened. The quotient
8
Division by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 ( here )
0
0
is indeterminant.
Division by the whole numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10 can be determined by noting some certain properties
of the particular whole number.
Commutative Property of Multiplication ( here9 )
The product of two whole numbers is the same regardless of the order of the factors. 3 × 5 = 5 × 3
Associative Property of Multiplication ( here10 )
If three whole numbers are to be multiplied, the product will be the same if the rst two are multiplied
rst and then that product is multiplied by the third, or if the second two are multiplied rst and then that
product is multiplied by the rst.
(3 × 5) × 2 = 3 × (5 × 2)
Note that the order of the factors is maintained.
Multiplicative Identity ( here11 )
The whole number 1 is called the multiplicative identity
changed.
since any whole number multiplied by 1 is not
4×1=4
1×4=4
5 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34864/latest/>
6 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34864/latest/>
7 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34864/latest/>
8 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
<http://cnx.org/content/m34866/latest/>
9 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
10 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
11 "Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers:
http://cnx.org/content/m34868/1.2/
Concepts of Division of Whole Numbers"
Concepts of Division of Whole Numbers"
Concepts of Division of Whole Numbers"
Some Interesting Facts about Division"
Properties of Multiplication" <http://cnx.org/content/m34867/latest/>
Properties of Multiplication" <http://cnx.org/content/m34867/latest/>
Properties of Multiplication" <http://cnx.org/content/m34867/latest/>