Download 1 1 1 A AK HistoryManufacturing AnsKey

Activity 1.1.1 History of Manufacturing Answer Key Introduction Everywhere you look, you see objects that have been manufactured. What exactly is manufacturing? How are objects created? The cup you drank out of yesterday went through a process to become a cup. There is no iPod tree from which we can harvest the fruit;; yet today, millions of these devices are in pockets and strapped to wrists everywhere. Manufacturing has changed throughout history. How has it changed, and who affected these changes? How does this affect you? In this activity students will learn about the history of manufacturing and how it has progressed. You will be asked to apply your knowledge to your own life and make some comparisons. Equipment • History of Manufacturing presentation • Pencil Procedure As your teacher delivers the presentation on History of Manufacturing, take notes. Use the questions below to guide you. Then answer the conclusion questions. 1. Why is there a need for manufacturing? Put another way, why should you care about manufacturing? Manufacturing makes up 20% of the nation’s gross domestic product and employs 17% of the US workforce. 2. How were things made prior to the 19th century? Things were made by hand, one at a time, by artisans. 3. Eli Whitney is most famous for his invention of the cotton gin. What was his greatest contribution to manufacturing? The interchangeability of parts was his greatest contribution. Although he did believe that workers should be treated with respect, this idea did not catch on. 4. What contribution did Henry Ford make to the manufacturing industry? Henry Ford’s contribution was the assembly line. © 2013 Project Lead The Way, Inc. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Activity 1.1.1 History of Manufacturing Answer Key – Page 1 5. Who was Kiichiro Toyoda and what contributions were made by his company? Kiichiro Toyoda was the founder of what became the Toyota Motor Company. His company developed JIT and introduced Kaizen. 6. For what is CIM an acronym? Computer-­integrated manufacturing 7. Kaizen is a Japanese word meaning “good change”. How is it applied to the manufacturing process? It allows for continuous improvement with employee input. 8. What does the abbreviation JIT stand for? Describe this procedure. JIT = Just In Time. It is the idea that manufacturers buy the parts as they need them, which saves the cost of storing and maintaining them in-­house. 9. What is lean manufacturing? Lean manufacturing is the systematic elimination of waste. 10. What is the core philosophy of lean manufacturing? Lean manufacturing core philosophy strives for a continuous flow of materials from raw material to customer. Conclusion 1. What is an advantage to relying on artisans for manufacturing products? What is a disadvantage? Advantages: Artisans create high-­quality products. They can also personalize products. Disadvantages: Creating objects one at a time is time consuming and costly. 2. Name three items that you use that incorporate interchangeable parts. Computers: USB devices Power cords Cars: Cup holders Cigarette lighters Lug nuts Office supplies: Marker lids Binders Bathroom: © 2013 Project Lead The Way, Inc. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Activity 1.1.1 History of Manufacturing Answer Key – Page 2 Tissue holder Faucets Water nozzle Other: Drink lids Leash clasps Power supplies Remotes 3. What is an advantage to the Kaizen philosophy? What is a disadvantage? The advantage is that the employees provide input so that they have buy-­in. They will be more likely to endorse decisions if they have input. A disadvantage is that some will not give input when asked but will still complain when asked to implement decisions. Also, employees could steal ideas and move to another company. © 2013 Project Lead The Way, Inc. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Activity 1.1.1 History of Manufacturing Answer Key – Page 3