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Name That Fish Outcome: 6-1-04: Identify living things using an existing classification key, and explain the rationale used. Materials: ? writing utensil Teacher Instructions: 1. Make a class set of pages 2-4. 2. Instruct students to clear their desks of everything except a pen or pencil. 3. Hand out pages 2-4. Page 2 contains pictures of Manitoba fish species labeled from A - L. Students will use the Key to Manitoba Fish Species on page 3 to identify these fish and write down the correct names in the spaces provided on page 4. 4. Students will also provide rationales for their choices in the spaces provided on page 4. For example, next to “Sturgeon” they should write “Tail fin; upper lobe larger” as the Key indicates for sturgeon. They should notice that in the picture of the sturgeon, it does in fact have a tail fin with a larger upper lobe rather than symmetrical lobes. An answer key is provided on page 5. Teacher Background Information: Using the Key to Manitoba Fish Species If you observe the Key to Manitoba Fish Species you will notice that the lake sturgeon is the only fish species with a heterocercal tail (the upper lobe larger than the lower lobe - like a shark’s tail). This separates it from all other Manitoba fish species. The next main branches of the fish “family tree” are based on whether a species has an adipose fin or not. Again, this is an obvious visual clue for classifying fish. Barbels and spines are then used to subdivide branches, then teeth or no teeth, scales or no scales, etc. Notice that the further you are along the branching process, the more specific the clues must be to determine the species. For example, it is not just whether the fish has spines, it is where those spines are located. The colour of a fish is usually the last thing used to identify a species. Colours can be misleading because they can change slightly depending on the habitat the fish is found in, what they are eating, the time of year (e.g. spawning/breeding colours are usually brighter than colours at other times of the year), etc. For this reason, only obvious colouration features that are fairly reliable (e.g. white fin edges, spots, stripes) are used in the key. 1 of 5 Name That Fish A Manitoba Fish B Manitoba Fish E Manitoba Fish Manitoba Fish F D Manitoba Fish G Manitoba Fish I Manitoba Fish C Manitoba Fish J H Manitoba Fish K Manitoba Fish Manitoba Fish 2 of 5 L Manitoba Fish Key to Manitoba Fish Species Light spots on dark body Lake Trout Tail deeply forked Brook Trout Pink, yellow or white spots on side Tail square or slightly notched Body light or silver colour Muskellunge Front of dorsal fin ahead of anal fin Arctic Char Pale red spots and slightly notched tail Teeth Light body and spots if present are dark Red spots with blue circles on sides White edge on lower fins Northern Pike Dorsal fin near tail Teeth Splake Dorsal fin behind front of anal fin Kokanee Goldeye Dorsal fin centered Single stiff spine on dorsal and anal fin Rainbow Trout Pink flash on side and small black spots No white edge on fins Mooneye Carp No teeth Sucker Body dark colour Brown Trout Large dark spots on yellow-brown background No spines on fins Scales No scales Large dorsal fin No teeth Sturgeon Burbot Arctic Grayling Mouth above end of snout Tullibee Mouth below end of snout Whitefish No Barbels Strong sharp teeth Adipose fin long and thin an d connected to tail fin Tail fin. Upper lobe larger S T A R T Stonecat Spiny dorsal fin solid light colour, dark spot at rear base Walleye No spines in anal fin Tail fin deeply forked Barbels Sauger Spiny dorsal fin a series of black spots Normal dorsal fin Teeth not as pronounced and dark vertical bars Channel Catfish Perch White Bass Adipose fin small and distinctive Bullhead Dark lateral lines Tail fin square Adipose fin Dorsal fins separate and body light in colour Tail fin. Even or symmetrical Soft dorsal fin Freshwater Drum No lines Smallmouth Bass No adipose fin Mouth extends to eye Spines in anal fin Notch in dorsal fin Spiny dorsal fin Mouth extends past eye Dorsal fins connected and body dark in colour Eye red Largemouth Bass Rock Bass Continuous dorsal fin Black Crappie Eye yellow 3 of 5 Name That Fish Name of Fish Rationale A B C D E F G H I J K L Student Name: 4 of 5 Name That Fish Name of Fish Rationale A Northern Pike symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, soft dorsal fin, scales, dorsal fin near tail, light spots dark body B Brook Trout symmetrical tail, adipose fin, no barbels, teeth, white edge on fins, square tail, red spots with blue circles on side C Bullhead symmetrical tail, adipose fin, barbels, tail fin square D Goldeye symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, soft dorsal fin, scales, dorsal fin in centre, teeth, dorsal fin behind front of anal fin Perch symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, spiny dorsal fin, no spines in anal fin, teeth not as noticeable and dark vertical bars F Rock Bass symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, spiny dorsal fin, spines in anal fin, dorsal fins connected, continuous dorsal fin, eyes red G Sturgeon tail fin, upper lobe larger H Rainbow Trout symmetrical tail, adipose fin, no barbels, teeth, no white edge on fins, body dark, pink flash and small black spots I Carp symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, soft dorsal fin, scales, dorsal fin in centre, no teeth, single stiff spine on dorsal and anal fin J Walleye symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, spiny dorsal fin, no spines in anal fin, strong sharp teeth, dark spot at base of dorsal fin K Sucker symmetrical tail, no adipose fin, soft dorsal fin, scales, dorsal fin in centre, no teeth, no spines on fins L Catfish symmetrical tail, adipose fin, barbels, tail fin deeply forked E Teacher Answer Key 5 of 5