Download Reptile and Amphibian Study Guide Test Date

Reptile and Amphibian Study Guide
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Test Date __________________
The domed, dorsal shell of a turtle is called the ________carapace_____________________________________. 2. The ventral “tummy” side of a turtle shell is called the ______plastron__________________________________________. 3. The sense organ in the mouth of a snake used to detect odors is called the ___Jacobson’s______________________________ organ. 4. Venom with proteins that attack the circulatory system is called ______hemotoxic___________________________________. 5. Venom that works on the nervous system by disrupting nerve pathways, which is dangerous to respiratory and heart functions is called ____neurotoxic_______________________________________________. 6. The most common way snakes move forward (in an “S” shaped path) is called ____lateral undulation_____________ 7. The scales on the belly of a snake that can catch on bark or other surfaces are called _____scutes__________________. 8. The type of movement in which a snake applies muscular force on its belly, not its sides is called _______rectilinear movement__________________________. 9. The evolution of the _____amniote egg___________________ in reptiles was an improvement NOT SEEN in amphibians that allowed reptiles to move out on land away from water. 10. Reptiles are ________ectothermic___________________________________________, which means they are cannot control their body temperature internally. Complete the table by filling in each part of the amniotic egg. 11. CHORION lines the outer shell and thus encloses the embryo and all the other membranes; regulates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the egg and the outside environment. 12. YOLK SAC encloses the yolk, a protein rich food supply for the developing embryo 13. AMNION the thin membrane enclosing the salty fluid in which the embryo floats 14. ALLANTOIS stores the nitrogenous wastes produced by the embryo until the egg hatches Complete the table by answering the questions about how reproduction. Oviparity Ovoviviparity Viviparity Egg has: 15. SHELL 18. SHELL 21. NO SHELL SHELL or NO SHELL? Embryo grows: 16. OUTSIDE 19. INSIDE 22. INSIDE INSIDE or OUTSIDE mother’s body? Nourishment (food) 17. EGG 20. EGG 23. MOTHER comes from: MOTHER or EGG? Name the four orders of living reptiles and give the examples of each. 24. ________Order Rynchocephalia_______________________________________________ Examples: Tuatara 25. _________Order Crocodilia___________________________________ Examples: Alligators, crocodiles, caimans, gavials 26. _________Order Chelonia______________________________________________ Examples: Turtles and tortoises 27. _________Order Squamata______________________________________________ Examples: Lizards and snakes 28. List 4 adaptations that reptiles have for living on land. See notes for lots of reasons reptiles can live away from water! Be able to list and describe. 29. What is the main difference between turtles and tortoises? Turtles can live in water, tortoises only on land 30. What class are reptiles in? ________Reptilia____________________________________ 31. Be able to label the parts of the egg. 32. “Amphibian” comes from the Greek word meaning _______both________________ ______life________________. 33. TRUE or FALSE. Amphibians lack claws. ______True________________________________ 34. The larval stage of a frog’s life cycle is called a ________Tadpole_________________________________. 35. What does “Anura” mean? _______No tail____________________________________________ 36. What does “Urodela” mean? _______Visible tail____________________________________________ 37. What does “Trachystoma” mean? _______Rough mouth____________________________________________ 38. What does “Apoda” mean? ________No legs___________________________________________ 39. Are amphibians endothermic or ectothermic? _______Ectothermic________________________________________ 40. Can amphibians live completely away from water in dry climates such as the desert? Support your answer with at least two reasons. No they must live in a moist environment/near water. See notes for reasons why. Be able to discuss. 41.
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What are the main differences between frogs and toads? Frogs have smoother skin, toads have more bumps/warts ______Metamorphosis________________________________________ is the process by which an amphibian transforms from the larval stage to a mature adult. How do amphibians breathe? skin, lungs, gills The third eyelid that some amphibians have to protect their eyes underwater and allow them to see is called the ______nictitating membrane______________________________________________. A frog’s “ear” is called the _____________tympanic membrane_____________________________________. The _______Vomerine______________________________________ teeth are two teeth in the roof of the mouth that help frogs hold onto their prey. Is reproduction in amphibians internal or external? ______mostly external__________________________________ Name the four orders of amphibians and give the examples of each. 48. ________Order Anura_______________________________________________ Examples: Frogs and toads 49. _________Order Urodela______________________________________________ Examples: salamanders 50. _________Order Apoda______________________________________________ Examples: Caecilians 51. _________Order Trachystoma______________________________________________ Examples: mud eels