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Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
DNA Proccesses
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Mutations within a DNA sequence are
a. natural processes that produce genetic diversity
b. natural processes that always affect the phenotype
c. unnatural processes that always affect the phenotype
d. unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
2. An inheritable mutation may occur if an organism has a change in its
a. appendages
b. internal organs
c. DNA structure
d. ATP production rates
Figure 1
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3. Look at figure 1. A strand of mRNA containing the repeating sequence AAGAAGAAGAAG could code for
which of the following amino acid sequences?
a. lys–arg–glu–lys
b. ser–ser–glu–glu
c. lys–arg–lys–arg
d. lys–lys–lys–lys
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Name: ________________________
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ID: A
4. Which of the following codons would signal a stop for the assembly of a protein?
a. CUA
b. ACG
c. GAC
d. UAG
5. A codon consists of the bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine in that order. Based on the table above, which
amino acid is represented by this codon?
a. cysteine
b. phenylalanine
c. serine
d. tryptophan
6. The weakest bonds in a double-stranded molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid exist between the
a. deoxyribose sugars
b. phosphate groups
c. nitrogenous bases
d. 5-carbon sugars
7. Chromosomal mutations occurring in gametes of humans can affect the appearance of offspring because
a. many traits are usually affected
b. only one trait is usually affected
c. these mutations usually speed up embryonic development
d. these mutations usually result in sex-linked traits
8. One similarity between DNA and messenger RNA molecules is that they both contain
a. the same sugar
b. genetic codes based on sequences of bases
c. a nitrogenous base known as uracil
d. double-stranded polymers
9. The process of cloning involves making an identical copy of a cell’s
a. cytoplasm
b. DNA
c. ribosomes
d. ATP
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Figure 2
____ 10. Look at Figure 2. Which mRNA sequence complements the above section of DNA?
a. C U A G G A
b. T C G A A G
c. C T A G G C
d. A G C U U C
____ 11. Which of the following shows the three parts of an RNA nucleotide?
a. ribose, phosphate group, thymine
b. ribose, phosphate group, uracil
c. deoxyribose, phosphate group, uracil
d. deoxyribose, phosphate group, cytosine
Figure 3
____ 12. The boxed structure is a/an:
a. DNA nucleotide
b. RNA monomer
c. amino acid
d. codon
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 13. Which of these nucleic acids functions as a blueprint of the genetic code?
a. tRNA
b. mRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA
Figure 4
____ 14. The chart in Figure 4 shows the range of numbers of nucleotides among species of different groups of plants.
Which of these groups has the largest range of nucleotide numbers among its species?
a. Bryophyta (mosses and liverworts)
b. Lycopsida (club mosses)
c. Gymnosperms (cedars and pines)
d. Pteropsida (ferns)
____ 15. How many nucleotides would it take to carry the code for a protein with 4 amino acids?
a. 4
b. 8
c. 12
d. 16
____ 16. Genes contain instructions for assembling
a. DNA nucleotides
b. carbohydrates
c. nitrogen bases
d. proteins
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 17. Which molecule carries attached amino acids?
a. tRNA
b. mRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA
____ 18. Which of the following nucleotide chains could be part of a molecule of RNA?
a. T-A-C-G-A-T
b. A-T-G-C-T-A
c. A-U-G-C-C-A
d. G-C-C-T-T-G
____ 19. The causes of cancer may include which of the following?
a. environmental influences
b. UV radiation
c. viruses
d. all of the above
____ 20. A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with _____.
a. deoxyribose sugar and uracil
b. ribose sugar and adenine
c. deoxyribose sugar and thymine
d. ribose sugar and cytosine
____ 21. X rays, ultraviolet light, and radioactive substances that can change the chemical nature of DNA are
classified as _____.
a. growth regulators
b. metamorphic molecules
c. hydrolytic enzymes
d. mutagenic agents
____ 22. In eukaryotes, DNA
a. is located in the nucleus.
b. floats freely in the cytoplasm.
c. is located in the ribosomes.
d. is circular.
____ 23. During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
a. TCGAAC.
b. GATCCA.
c. AGCTTG.
d. GAUCCA.
____ 24. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
a. 3
b. 6
c. 9
d. 12
____ 25. A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called a(an)
a. chromosomal mutation.
b. inversion.
c. point mutation.
d. translocation.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 26. Which of the following is NOT a gene mutation?
a. inversion
b. insertion
c. deletion
d. substitution
____ 27. Which of the following is NEVER a frameshift mutation?
a. substitution
b. insertion
c. deletion
d. point mutation
____ 28. Which of the following bases pairs with adenine in RNA?
a. thymine
c. uracil
b. guanine
d. cytosine
Figure 5
____ 29. What kind of molecule is shown?
a. replicated DNA
b. messenger RNA
c. transfer RNA
d. transfer DNA
____ 30. Which of the following nitrogen base sequences will complement the anticodon shown?
a. AUG
b. GUA
c. TCG
d. AUT
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 31. What kind of genetic mutation is shown in the art below?
a. chromosomal inversion
b. point mutation
c. deletion
d. chromosomal translocation
____ 32. What kind of mutation is shown in the art below?
a. deletion
c. insertion
b. translocation
d. inversion
____ 33. Why are mutations important?
a. They are always passed on to future generations.
b. They are often random events.
c. They only occur in sex cells.
d. Variation that results from mutations is fundamental to the evolution of a species.
____ 34. Nucleotides may pair up in all of the following ways except
a. Guanine and Cytosine
b. Adenine and Thymine
c. Uracil and Thymine
d. Uracil and Adenine
____ 35. What type of mutation is Sickle Cell Anemia?
a. deletetion
b. insertion
c. substitution
d. addition
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ID: A
DNA Proccesses
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
ANS: C
PTS: 1
ANS: D
PTS: 1
ANS: D
PTS: 1
ANS: C
From the table, the base sequence AGC—adenine as the first base, guanine as the second base, and cytosine
as the third—represents the amino acid serine. Choice A, the amino acid cysteine, can be represented by the
sequences ACA and ACG, Choice B can be coded for by these sequences: AAA and AAG. Tryptophan,
choice D, can only form from the following nitrogen base sequence—ACC.
PTS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
STA:
ANS:
STA:
ANS:
STA:
ANS:
OBJ:
ANS:
OBJ:
ANS:
OBJ:
ANS:
OBJ:
ANS:
OBJ:
1
STA:
C
PTS:
A
PTS:
B
PTS:
B
PTS:
A
PTS:
B
PTS:
A
PTS:
D
PTS:
D
PTS:
C
PTS:
D
PTS:
A
PTS:
C
PTS:
D
PTS:
B4B | G10-2 | G11-2
C
PTS:
B6A | G10-2 | G11-2
D
PTS:
B6C | G10-2 | G11-2
A
PTS:
12.2.1
B
PTS:
12.2.2
STA:
A
PTS:
12.3.4
STA:
C
PTS:
12.4.1
STA:
A
PTS:
12.4.1
STA:
B6A | G10-2 | G11-2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
DIF: B
OBJ: 11-4
1
DIF:
B
OBJ: 13-1
1
DIF:
B
OBJ: 13-5
1
DIF:
B
REF: p. 295
1
DIF:
Bio TEKS 6B
1
DIF:
Bio TEKS 6B
1
DIF:
Bio TEKS 6C.1
1
DIF:
Bio TEKS 6C.1
E
REF: p. 299
A
REF: p. 302
B
REF: p. 307
A
REF: p. 307
1
ID: A
27. ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: E
REF: p. 307
OBJ: 12.4.1
STA: Bio TEKS 6C.1
28. ANS: C
The four nitrogen bases in RNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. Because RNA does not contain
thymine, adenine in RNA pairs with uracil. Cytosine always pairs with guanine in both DNA and RNA.
PTS: 1
STA: B6B | G11-2
29. ANS: C
A molecule of transfer RNA, or tRNA, consists of a chain of RNA nucleotides and a sequence of three
nitrogen bases that form an anticodon. Replicated DNA is merely a copy of the original DNA of a cell.
Messenger RNA is the copy of DNA that is carried from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA
forms during transcription. DNA is found only in the nucleus of a cell. There is no molecule called transfer
DNA.
PTS: 1
STA: B6B | G11-2
30. ANS: A
RNA is made of four nitrogen bases: cytosine, guanine, adenine, and uracil. Because RNA does not contain
thymine, uracil pairs with adenine. Thus, the anticodon UAC will join with the AUG codon.
PTS: 1
STA: B6B | G11-2
31. ANS: B
A point mutation is a change in a single base pair in a strand of DNA. In the figure, guanine (G) was replaced
by adenine (A). Choices A, C, and D describe chromosomal mutations. A point mutation involves a single
gene.
PTS: 1
STA: B6C | G10-2 | G11-2
32. ANS: A
Deletion is shown in the figure—Segment L is missing from the chromosome. Translocation is a mutation
that occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and is added to a different chromosome. Insertion occurs
when a part of a chromatid breaks off and attaches to its sister chromatid. Inversion is a type of mutation that
takes place when a part of a chromosome breaks out and is reinserted backwards.
PTS: 1
STA: B6C | G10-2 | G11-2
33. ANS: D
Variation is a key to evolution. Choice A is incorrect because mutations are NOT always passed on to future
generations. While Choice B is a scientifically accurate statement, it does not explain why mutations are
important. Choice C is an inaccurate statement—mutations occur in both body cells and sex cells.
PTS: 1
34. ANS: C
35. ANS: C
STA: B6C | G10-2 | G11-2
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
2