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AIPMT BIOLOGY
PRACTICE SET-11 (Excretory System)
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Kidneys are not the only organs of excretion; their work is supplemented by(a) lungs
(b) Large intestine
(c) Skin
(d) liver
“Columns of Bertini” in the kidney of mammals are formed as the extension of
(a) medulla into cortex
(b) Cortex into medulla
(c) medulla into pelvis
(d) pelvis into ureter
Which part of nephron is not situated in the cortical region of the kidney?
(a) Malpighian corpuscle
(b) PCT
(c) DCT
(d) Loop of Henle
The liquid which is collected in the cavity of Bowman‟s capsule is(a) Concentrated urine
(b) blood plasma minus blood proteins
(c) Glycogen and water
(d) Sulphates and water
Bowman‟s capsule and glomerulus together constitute
(a) nothing
(b) A nephron
(c) Malpighian corpuscle
(d) Nephric corpuscle
The proximal convoluted tubule has a brush border which is due to
(a) Microvilli
(b) minute hairs
(c) Endothelium
(d) Folded tubes
The amount of liquid filtered by glomenruli of kidney in a 24-hour period is(a) 170 litres
(b) 100 litres
(c) 200-250 cc
(d) 500-1000 cc
Which of the following group of animals are ammonotelic in nature?
(a) Many bony fishes, amphibians, incsects
(b) Marine fishes, amphibians
(c) Mammals, birds, Reptiles
(d) many bony fishes, aquatic amphibians, aquatic insects
In which part of excretory system of mammals, can you first use the term „urine‟ for
contained fluid?
(a) Bowman‟s capsule
(b) Loop of Henle
(c) Collecting tubule
(d) Urinary bladder
Podocytes are the cells present in(a) Bowman‟s capsule
(b) Loop of Henle
(c)duct of bellini
(d) distal convoluted tibule
The kidneys resemble the contractile vacuoles of protozoans in(a) expelling out excess of water
(b) expelling out glucose
(c) expelling out urea and uric acid
(d) expelling out salts
A severe fall in blood pressure disturbs the function of kidneys and reduces
(a) Glomerular fitration
(b) reabsorption of useful substances
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(c) renal filtration
(d) secretion of nitrogeneous waste
Maximum absorption of water in mammals is in the(a) lungs
(b) skin
(c) kidneys
(d) small intestine
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Conditional re-absorption of Na and water takes place in(a) PCT
(b) DCT
(c) Henle‟s loop
(d) Bowman‟s capsule
Which segment of nephron allows passage of small amount of urea into the medullary
intersitium?
(a) PCT
(b) DCT
(c) Collecting duct
(d) Henle‟s loop
The basic functional unit of human kidney is(a) nephron
(b) Pyramid
(c) Nephridia
(d) Henle‟s loop
Surplus of amino acids are broken down to form urea in the(a) Kidney
(b) Sweat gland
(c) spleen
(d) liver
Which of the following nitrogenous substance is highly toxic?
(a) Urea
(b) uric acid
(c) amino acid
(d) ammonia
Which of the followingis the nitrogenous waste?
(a) Creatinine
(b) creatine
(c) Guanine
(d) all of the above
Marine telecasts, undergoing putrefaction, emit sharp characteristic foul odour, which is due
to the production of(a)Trimethylamine (b) Hydrogen sulphide
(c) Ammonia
(d) Lactic acid
Uricotelism is found in(a) Birds, reptiles and insects
(b) Frogs and toads
(c) Mammals and birds
(d) Fishes and fresh water protozoans
Urea is directly produced in mammals from(a) ammonia released by oxidative deamination
(b) oxidative deamination of purines
(c) Breakdonw of ornithine
(d) breakdown of arginine
In ornithine cycle, which of following wastes are removed from the blood?
(a) CO2 and urea
(b) Ammonia and urea
(c) CO2 and ammonia
(d) Urea and urine
Which of the following animal is not excrete nitrogen as urea?
(a) tadpole
(b) Frog
(c) toad
(d) elasmobranch fish
In glomerulus of rabbit(a) afferent glomerular capillary is wider than efferent glomerular capillary
(b) Afferent glomerular capillary is narrower than efferent glomerular capillary
(c) Afferent glomerular arteriole is narrower than the efferent glomerular capillary
(d) Afferent glomerular arteriole is wider than the efferent glomerular arteriole
Which of the following does the same work as is done by nephridia in earthworm?
(a) Flame cells in liver fluke
(b) myotomes in fish
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(c) statocysts in prawn
(d) parotid gland in toad
Which one of the following is associated with osmoregulation in amoeba?
(a) Endoplasm
(b)Mitchondria
(c) contractile vacuole
(d) Plasma membrane
The Bowman‟s capsule is(a) a part of uriniferous tubule and is the site of filtration of various blood constituents
during the formation of urine
(b) a part of uriniferous tubule and is the site of reabsorption of water and glucose
(c) Present in the liver and is the site of secretion of the bile juice
(d) associated with liver and is the site of the storage of the bile juice
In the distal convoluted tubule of the nephrons(a) sodium reasborption requires energy
(b) secretion of potassium ions does not requires energy
(c) water reabsorption requires energy
(d) water reabsorption does not require energy
Find out the correct statement(a) an increase in body fluid volume, stimulate the ADH release
(b) A fall in glomerular blood flow can activate the JG cells to release rennin.
(c) Angiotensin-II, being a powerful vasodialator, decreases the glomerular blood pressure
(d) Decrease in blood flow to the atria of the heart can cause the releaseof atrial
natriureticfactor (ANF)
The main function of pyramids of kidney is to
(a) Contain collecting tubules of kidney
(b) Direct the urine to flow in ureter
(c) support the openings of collecting canals (d) store fats and protein
What is the characteristic of metanephric kidney?
(a) Hypotonic urine production
(b) excess secretion of uric acid
(c)loop of henle
(d) hormone production
HCO3 is reabsorbed in which part of nephron?
(a) PCT, DCT
(b) PCT, Henle‟s loop
(c) DCT, Henle‟s loop
(d) Collecting duct, Bowman‟s capsule
Match the excretory organs listed under Column, I with the animals given under Column II.
Choose the answer which gives the correct combination of alphabets of the two columns.
Column I (excretory Organs)
Column II ( Animal)
A. Nephridia
p. Hydra
B. Malphighian tubules
q. Leech
C. Protonephridia
r. Shark
D. Kidneys
s. Round worms Cockroach
(a) A-q, B-t, C-s, D-r
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(b) A-s, B-q, C-p, D-t
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(c) A-t, B-q, C-s, D-r
(d) A-q, B-s, C-t, D-p
When a person is suffering from poor renal reabsorption, which of the following will not
help in the maintenance of blood volume?
(a) Decreased glomerular filtration
(b) Increased ADH secretion
(c) Decreased arterial pressure in kidney
(d) Increased arterial pressure in kidney
Which one of the following substances is actively secreted into the glomerular filterate of
the kidney tubule?
(a) Potassium ions
(b) Amino acids
(c) Sodium ions
(d) Chloride ions
The blood consitiuents that remain unchanges in quantity after circulated through the
kidneys are(a) Urea and glucose
(b) Glucose and proteins
(c) Urea and proteins
(d) Urea and uric acid
Filteration into the kidney tubule is accomplished by means of(a) active transport by renal tubule
(b) Hydrostatic blood pressure in glomeruius
(c) An osmotic potential gradient
(d) Secretion by renal tubule
The substance which is completely reabsorbed from the fitrate in the renal tubule under
normal conditions is(a) Urea
(b) Salt
(c) Glucose
(d) Water
The vessel leading blood (containing nitrogenous waste) into the Bowman‟s capsule is
known as(a) afferent arteriole
(b) Efferent arteriole
(c) Renal artery
(d) Renal vein
Match the following
‘A’
‘B’
A. Loop of Henle
1. Carries blood into the kidney
B. Renal artery
2. Area where a considerable amount of reabsorption
takes place
C. Proximal convoluted tubule
3. Main area of secretion
D. Glomerulus
4. Filtration of blood
E. Distal concoluted tubule
5. Plays a role in concentration of urine
The correct pairing sequence is(a) A-5, B-1, C-2, D-4, E-3
(b) A-5, B-1, C-2, D-3, E-4
(c) A-1, B-5, C-3, D-4, E-2
(d) none of the above
Why do we pass more urine in wet and cold season?
(a) Because uriniferous tubules do not absorb water
(b) Kidney becomes over active
(c) Not much water is lost from the body through sweating
(d) All of the above
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Ornithine is converted into citruline by an enzymes(a) Glutamic dehydrogenase
(b) aspartic glutamic transaminase
(c) carbamyl phosphate synthetase (d) Ornithine carbamyl transferase
High blood pressure is maintained in glomeruli than in other capillaries because
(a) The variability of the diameters of arterioles causes higher resistance to blood flowing
out of the glomeruli than to blood flowing out of the capillaries.
(b) Glomeruli has low hydrostatic pressure than capillary.
(c) Capillary has less diameter than glomeruli
(d) all of the above
When certain marine organisms are placed in distilled water, they ultimately die. Which
could be the most likely explanation
(a) Loss of water from the tissue
(b) Excess of water in the tissues
(c) Loss of salts
(d) Loss of permeability of some membranes
The artificial kidney is designed according to the principle of(a) Hydrolysis
(b) Dialysis
(c) Lysis
(d) secretion
Which is mismatched?
(a) Bowman‟s capsule –Glomerular filteration
(b) PCT-absorption of Na+ and K+
(c) DCT-Absorption of glucose
(d) None of the above
Removal of amino group of amino acid to transform it into keto acid is(a) transamination
(b) Ammonification
(c) deamination
(d) none of the above
Which of the following amino acids is present in ornithine cycle?
(a) valine and systine
(b) Arginin and citruline
(c) Glycine and methionline
(d) None of these
Blood leaving liver and moving to heart will have more concentration of
(a) bile
(b) Urea
(c) Glycogen
(d) Amino acid
Answers:
1.b
13.a
25.a
37.b
49.b
2.b
14.b
26.b
38.b
50.d
3.d
15.c
27.d
39.c
4.b
16.a
28. a
40.a
5.c
17.d
29.b
41.a
6.a
18.d
30.a
42.c
7.a
19.a
31.d
43.d
8.d
20.a
32.b
44.a
9.c
21.c
33.a
45.b
10.a
22.c
34.d
46.b
11.a
23.a
35.d
47.c
12.a
24.d
36.a
48.b
RegardsMr. P. Upadhyay
[M.Sc.-Microbiology, B.Ed., M.A. (Education);
Mobile- 7376262549, E.mail: [email protected]]
Director, Viden Education & Biology Expert
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