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Transcript
Activity 1: The Scientific Method Print Name: Signature: 1.) . 2.) . 3.) . 4.) . Activity: Astronomers know a great deal about other stars. Various observations and calculations have produced data on many stars’ distances, temperatures, luminosities (brightness), as well as the radial motion of these stars. The goal of this activity is to use the scientific method to determine if any of this data is correlated and to determine a model of the relationships. 1) Start by becoming aware of your own biases. Do you believe any of the data is correlated? If so how? Relationship Example: radial motion of the stars and temperature Should state relationships that you believe might exist Reason the hotter the star the more energy it will contain that causes radial motion. Should state reason why you believe relationship exists 2) Do you believe that any of the data will not be correlated? If not why? Relationship Example: radial motion of the stars and temperature Should state relationships that you believe will not exist Reason There is no relationship between these variables Should state reason why you believe relationship does not exist 3) After filling out the first section, use the scientific method to form a model for the attached data on some bright, nearby stars. Determine which variables are correlated. Graphs are provided to ease this process. Each member of your group should produce at least one graph. Questions: 1) Which of the different variables are correlated? Temperature and Luminosity 2) Which variables are not correlated? Temperature and Distance Distance and Luminosity 3) Which variables are you unable to conclude if there is a correlation or not? None 4) If possible make hypotheses concerning the following stars, by filling in the following table. If you cannot make a hypothesis, please note this on the table. Star Star G Star H Star I Distance (Ly) 35 N/A 6 Temperature °C ~ 10,000 9000 7000 Luminosity L Sun 50 30 5) Explain your reasoning. The only variables correlated are Temperature and Luminosity. Use the graph of the two variables to interpolate values of Temperature and Luminosity. Check your hypotheses with your instructor. Extra Credit: If your hypotheses disagree with the actual values, explain possible reasons for the discrepancy. Sirius Distance: 8.6 Light years Temperature: 9950 C Luminosity: 26 L Sun α Centauri Distance: 4.4 Light years Temperature: 6075 C Luminosity: 1.6 L Sun Vega Distance: 26 Light years Temperature: 10273 C Luminosity: 60 L Sun Procyon Distance: 11.4 Light years Temperature: 6873 C Luminosity: 7.4 L Sun Star A Distance: 30 Light years Temperature: 9500 C Luminosity: 17 L Sun Altair Distance: 17 Light years Temperature: 8273 C Luminosity: 10.5 L Sun Star B Distance: 22 Light years Temperature: 7273 C Luminosity: 9 L Sun Star C Distance: 9 Light years Temperature: 9666 C Luminosity: 20 L Sun Formalhaut Distance: 23 Light years Temperature: 9315 C Luminosity: 13 L Sun Star D Distance: 6 Light years Temperature: 10050 C Luminosity: 40 L Sun Star E Distance: 10 Light years Temperature: 8875 C Luminosity: 15 L Sun