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PRACTICE EXAM 2
WORLD HISTORY EXAM
You will have three hours and five minutes to complete this exam. The multiple choice section is fiftyfive minutes long while the essay section allows two hours and ten minutes. Ten minutes will be allotted
as a mandatory reading and preparation period. The two sections are given equal weight in the final exam
score.
Section I
Multiple Choice Questions (55 minutes)
70 questions
50 percent of final score
In the real exam, all answers will be done on a separate answer sheet but you will be able to mark up the
test booklet. There will be one sample question and answer to indicate how to fill in the answer sheet.
There may be a note on random guessing and we advise guessing only when you know something about
the question since wrong answers gain a quarter point deduction. The exam will advise that you keep your
eye on the clock but aim for accuracy as it is not expected that everyone will answer all the questions in
the section.
1. What purpose do scholars believe paleolithic Venus figures served?
a. The figures were the idealized form ofbeauty among paleolithic people.
b. The figures represent the powerful queen of the paleolithic pantheon, Venus.
c. The figures reflect a deep interest in fertility necessary for the generation of new life.
d. The figures represent the attempts of early farmers to insure fertility in their animals.
e. The figures demonstrate the power of women as rulers in paleolithic society.
2. Why were women probably the first farmers?
a. Women had more free time than men and therefore had time to experiment.
b. Women had traditionally been gatherers and therefore understood plant cycles and the effects of
sun, rain, and temperature on plant growth.
c. Women had more patience and therefore were better suited to a farming life which requires farmers to work hard but then wait for the plants to grow.
d. Women had mastered the raising of animals and now could concentrate on food production.
e. Women had smaller hands which were necessary to tend and harvest crops which were planted on
small hills or tight rows.
3. A key geographic difference between ancient Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Harappan, and Chinese
society was that
a. Egypt and China were more isolated and therefore protected by their environment than were the
Mesopotamians or Harappans.
b. while the Egyptians and Mesopotamians were river valley civilizations, the Harappans and Chinese had to rely on irrigation to produce ample food.
c. the Mesopotamians and Chinese developed vast trading networks, because their rivers were more
navigable than the Nile or the Indus Rivers.
d. the Chinese and Mesopotamians could produce multiple crops each season because of the steady
and predictable flooding of their rivers.
e. the Egyptians and the Mesopotamians built tall pounded-earth walls to protect their cities because
there were few natural barriers to invasion.
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Practice Tests with Answers and Analysis
I
4. Which of the following civilizations was governed by a city-state structure?
a. ancient Egypt and classical Greece
b. ancient Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt
c. Classical Rome and Han China
d. ancient Mesopotamia and Bantu Africa
e. Classical Greece and ancient Mesopotamia
5. Women in which of the following societies enjoyed the greatest amount of personal freedom?
a. ancient Egypt
b. ancient Mesopotamia
c. Aryan India
d. Classical Greece
e. Rome during the republic
6. Which of the following religious traditions relied on a strong missionary movement and was considered a religion of salvation?
a. Hinduism and Judaism
b. Buddhism and Daoism
c. Confucianism and Christianity
d. Daoism and Christianity
e. Buddhism and Christianity
7. One key role of the caste system which was unlike other systems of social inequality in the ancient
world was that the caste system
a. had a religious justification rather than one based on race.
b. served to maintain order and stability as political systems did in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and China.
c. relied on support from the government to enforce its rules and restrictions unlike the civilizations
of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and China.
d. did not develop further groups and subgroups as did the systems of social equality in classical
Greece and Rome.
e. was denounced in holy texts like the Vedas but remained in Indian tradition because of its
economic benefits to the nation.
8. An essential distinction between Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism was that
a. Confucianism is an indigenous religion to China, but Daoism and Buddhism arrived from India.
b. Confucius was most interested in the structure of the state, while Daoists and Buddhists shunned
political involvement.
c. Confucius's goal was social order while Daoism and Buddhism were much less interested in
society.
d. Confucianism and Buddhism promised a glorious afterlife, but Daoism did not.
e. Confucius was seen as a god, while Daoism and Buddhism do not rely on deities.
9. One key difference between the fall of the western Roman empire and the fall of Han China was that
a. Chinese military leaders increasingly usurped political power, while the office of Roman
Emperor remained tied to the Senate.
b. Chinese society suffered from problems of equitable land distribution while Rome managed to
support small farmers and large estate owners.
c. Chinese society was not overrun by invaders as was the western Roman empire.
d. China eventually rebuilt its imperial power, but Rome never again emerged as an empire.
e. China experienced a slow demise over several years, but Rome's fall to the Germanic invaders
was sudden and unanticipated.
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Practice Exam 2
10. Unlike the Legalist tradition of the Qin Dynasty, Roman imperial law
a. was subject to veto by an advisory body, the Roman Senate.
b. allowed local autonomy and religious toleration in its provinces.
c. used forced exile and relocation to deal with difficult subject peoples.
d. was based on the concept of a lex talonis.
e. insisted on the absolute control of a region by its governor.
11. Which of the following nomadic groups does NOT belong with the others?
a. Huns
b. Visigoths
c. Vandals
d. Franks
e. Ostrogoths
12. What accounts for the dramatic population decrease in Rome and China during the second and third
centuries C.E.?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
large-scale outbreaks of epidemic diseases
war and invasion
deportation and exile of subject populations
improved technology
persecution of religious minorities
a. I
b. I and II
c. I, II, and III
d. I, II, and V
e. III, IV
13. Which ofthe following empires was NOT associated with the silk roads of the classical era?
a. Han Empire
b. Parthian Empire
c. Roman Empire
d. Kushan Empire
e. Andean Empire
14. This excerpt is most reflective of what religious tradition?
"I call to witness
the early hours ofthe morning,
And the night when dark and still,
Your Lord has neither left you,
nor despises you.
What is to come is betterfor you
than what has gone before;
For your Lord will certainly give you
And you will be content.
Did he notfind you an orphan
and take care ofyou? "
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Islam
Buddhism
Christianity
Judaism
Hinduism
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Practice Tests with Answers and Al1a~}'sis
15. Which BEST accounts for the rapid spread ofIslam in the seventh and eighth centuries C.E.?
a. The Umayyads were able to regain control from the Abbasids and move the Empire's capital to
Baghdad.
b. The issue of caliph succession had been decided and both the Sunni and Shias were united.
c. The effectiveness of the Islamic annies coincided with an increase in internal problems in the
larger Byzantine and Sasanid empires.
d. The Muslim annies were better trained and equipped than the Byzantine warriors.
e. The refusal of Christians to fight in the Byzantine army reduced the number of soldiers available
to fight.
16. Why did paper technology affect the Islamic world in the eighth and ninth centuries?
a. It made Mecca the center of trade and commerce in dar ai-Islam, replacing Baghdad in
importance.
b. It was distrusted as coming from the west and infidel world and vellum was still the desired
commodity.
c. It promoted the kidnapping of merchants and technologies from the east.
d. It facilitated the keeping of administrative and commercial records as well as books and political
treatises.
e. It moved the trade routes from the Mediterranean Sea into the Indian Ocean.
17. Which of the following technologies came to the Arab world from the Hellenistic world?
a. paper
b. astrolabe
c. lateen sail
d. compass
e. concept of zero
18. The influence of Islam on medieval western philosophy is most clearly seen in
a. the development of thirteenth-century scholasticism.
b. the development of Aristotelian logic.
c. the work of St. Augustine of Hippo.
d. the development of the Greek alphabet.
e. the iconoclast controversy in the Byzantine empire.
19. Which of the following periods represents the greatest period of technological innovation in premodern China?
a. Chin and Han China
b. Tang and Song China
c. Yuan and Ming China
d. Ming and Qin China
e. Xia and Shang China
20. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding India after the fall of the Gupta Empire
c. 500-1000 C.E.?
a. India developed strong ties with Islam which served to bring unity to the subcontinent.
b. Mongol invasions destroyed its historic unity and left it in ruins.
c. A series of strong rulers like Ashoka and Harsha brought the diverse peoples of India together.
d. Local rulers turned India into a battleground as each sought to enlarge his realm at the expense of
his neighbors.
e. The Himalayas protected India from nomadic invasion and Indian traditions could develop in
protected isolation.
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Practice Exam 2
21. Which of the following trade routes relied most heavily on the monsoon winds to facilitate its trade?
a. Mombassa to Calcutta
b. Madagascar to Delhi
c. Kilwa to Baghdad
d. Aden to Cairo
e. Hangzhou to Melaka
22. Which of the following trading ports did NOT come into the expanding realm of Islam during the
seventh and eighth centuries C.E.?
a. Honnuz
b. Zanzibar
c. Axum
d. Mogadishu
e. Aden
23. In India c. 500-1000 what proved to be the most effective agents of conversion from Hinduism to
Islam?
a. marriage of Muslim merchants with local Hindu women
b. a hope for improved social status after conversion
c. the use of forced conversions
d. the work of Sufi mystics
e. the powerful writings of Harud al Rashid
24. Charlemagne's reign in western Europe was marked by his continual movement throughout his
empire in order to maintain control. Which of the following individuals practiced a similar approach
to establishing control in his realm?
a. Ashoka
b. Harsha
c. Ibn Battuta
d. Confucius
e. Muhammad
25. Norse mariners linked Europe with the Byzantine and Abbasid empires as they
a. connected with the Indian Ocean trading routes.
b. traveled down the Russian rivers to the Black Sea ports.
c. forced the western European Carolingians to find new trade routes to Asia.
d. developed improved maritime technology resulting from interactions with Indian merchants.
e. fought for control of the fonner silk routes connecting Asia and Europe.
26. The adoption of Roman Christianity had what effect on medieval Europe?
a. It stopped the spread of Islam which was rapidly challenging Christianity in western Europe.
b. It wiped out the existing pagan traditions and replaced them with a more civilized faith.
c. It ensured that medieval Europe would inherit classical Roman elements such as the Latin
language and the institutions of Roman Catholicism.
d. It required all kings and queens to swear an oath of loyalty to the Pope.
e. It established the principle of caesaropapism in western Europe.
27. A tradition of monasticism is most closely associated with which faiths?
a. Judaism and Christianity
b. Judaism and Buddhism
c. Christianity and Buddhism
d. Hinduism and Islam
e. Islam and Christianity
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Practice Tests with Answers and Analysis
28. Why was the Turkish conversion to Islam in the tenth century significant in the spreading of that
f<,lith?
a. As the Turkish people moved into Anatolia and northern India, they expanded the boundaries of
the faith.
b. The Turkish people believed in spreading the faith through the sword and therefore settled
inhabitants were required to convert or die.
c. Because the Turkish people had a written language, it was easier to spread Islam throughout
central Asia.
d. It stopped the spread of Christianity and replaced one monotheistic tradition with another.
e. It halted the constant tribal warfare in the region and ushered in the Pax Mongolica.
29. What made the Mongol army ofChinggis Khan so effective?
a. Their skilled use of archers and war elephants struck fear in the hearts of enemies.
b. Their skilled use of equestrian troops and psychological warfare made them a fierce opponent.
c. The immense size of their armies and the rapid way the army could move seemed unstoppable.
d. Their use of gunpowder caught their enemies off guard and unprotected against this new weapon.
e. Chinggis Khan closely studied the battle strategies of Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar as he
carefully plotted each new city siege.
30. In which of the following regions was Kublai Khan a successful conqueror?
a. Korea
b. Burma
c. China
d. Vietnam
e. Japan
31. Trade between east Africa and the Indian Ocean merchants had what effect on sub-Saharan Africa?
a. It wiped out indigenous cultures and replaced them with Swahili-based societies.
b. It promoted urban development and the adoption of new foods for cultivation.
c. It promoted the spread of Christianity and Islam and decimated traditional African religions.
d. It established gold, salt, and slave empires which replaced the traditional stateless societies.
e. It allowed for small European settlements which would develop into the colonial systems of the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
32. The institution of privately owned property did NOT exist in what region c. 1000-1500 C.E.?
a. Western Europe
b. Eastern Europe
c. East Asia
d. North Africa
e. Sub-Saharan Africa
33. What effect did Islam have on women's roles in sub-Saharan Africa c. 1000-1500?
a. Islam forced women to veil and seclude themselves from the traditional patterns of community
interaction.
b. Women were given greater freedom in the marketplace as Islam promotes business as a godly
profession.
c. Women were removed from governmental office and required to submit to their husband's rule.
d. Islam opened up new opportunities to women through education at Islamic schools.
e. Islam did relatively little to curtain opportunities available to women or to compromise their
status in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Practice Exam 2
34. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding slavery in sub-Saharan Africa c. 1000-1500?
a. Most slaves were captives of war.
b. Some slaves were debtors, criminals, or suspected witches.
c. Slaves were considered an important form of personal wealth.
d. Most slaves worked in urban settings or construction trades.
e. The Indian Ocean trade stimulated traffic in African slaves.
35. The opening of new lands for cultivation, improved agricultural techniques, the use of new tools and
technologies, and the introduction of new crops during the high middle ages had what impact in
western Europe?
a. little impact as the black plague forced the return to manorialism which negated the potential of
these developments
b. little impact as the Roman Catholic church's control on business and commerce had a chilling effect on economic development
c. some impact, though the constant wars with Islamic neighbors and Viking invaders diverted these
resources to paying for the war efforts
d. great impact as they stimulated the economic and social development in medieval Europe which
resulted in great demographic growth
e. great impact as they immediately lead to the industrial revolution and then global expansion to
search for raw materials
36. Which of the following regions was the LAST to return to Christianity as a result of the reconquista?
a. Granada
b. Sicily
c. Toledo
d. Lisbon
e. Catalonia
unintended consequence of the fourth crusade (1204) was
the surprising success of Peter the Helmit's ragtag army of poor knights and enthusiastic peasants
the sack of Constantinople and the ensuing decline and fall of the Christian Byzantine empire
the spread of epidemic diseases like the black plague which decimated the crusade's soldiers
the introduction of new technologies and weapons into the Muslim world from the western
European powers
e. the development of a code of chivalry for crusaders and Muslim defenders alike
37. An
a.
b.
c.
d.
38. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the impact of the crusades on western Europe?
a. The military victories enjoyed by the western European crusaders established western Europe as
the dominant military power in the eastern hemisphere.
b. The military victories of the western European crusaders brought more and more people back to
Christianity and halted the spread of Islam in the eastern hemisphere.
c. Though the crusades largely failed as a military venture, they helped to reintegrate western
Europe into the larger economy of the eastern hemisphere.
d. Though the crusades were unsuccessful, they did serve to demonstrate the economic power and
resources found in the western hemisphere.
e. The crusades halted the economic and social developments begun after the fall of the Roman emplre.
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Practlce Tests with Answers and Analysis
39. The value placed on warriors and the reverence for a military elite is most clearly seen in which of the
following societies?
a. Athens and Rome
b. Sparta and Mexica
c. Inca and Maya
d. Han China and Rome
e. Zimbabwe and Yuan China
40. Which two groups of people had no indigenous tradition of writing?
a. South Americans and West Africans
b. Mesoamericans and South Americans
c. Mesoamericans and North Africans
d. Shang Chinese and Harappans
e. South Americans and Mesopotamians
41. One similarity between the settlement of Siberia by Europeans in the seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries and the settlement of Australia by Europeans in the nineteenth century is that
a. both developed out of state-sponsored programs to promote settler colonies.
b. both initially attracted social misfits, often including convicted criminals.
c. both offered the promise of fertile farmland free to settlers who agreed to stay seven or more
years.
d. both were founded with a devotion to Christianity; in Russia it was the Orthodox missionaries,
and in Australia, it was Anglican missionaries who provided spiritual guidance.
e. both depended on the development of cash crops to attract settlers and their families.
42. Which of the following diseases is believed to have claimed more lives than any other malady in
world history?
a. measles
b. bubonic plague
c. 1918 Spanish flu
d. smallpox
e. whooping cough
43. One key difference between the Spanish conquest of Mexico and Peru and the establishment of
English and French colonies in North America was that
a. the Spanish conquest was the result of individual efforts by freelance adventurers and the English
and French presence in North America was established as government or government-chartered
endeavors.
b. the Spanish were interested in converting the indigenous people to Catholicism and the English.
and the French were interested in converting the indigenous people to the Protestant tradition.
c. the Spanish conquest of Mexico and Peru was aided by the power of the mighty Spanish military,
but the English and the French colonists had little trouble with the North American natives.
d. the English and French colonies began as religious effort, but the Spanish effort was focused on
gold, silver, and other mineral wealth.
e. the English and French colonies began as settlement colonies while the Spanish colonies began as
trading posts and sugar plantations.
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Practice Exam 2
44. Why did a more ethnically diverse society develop in Spanish and Portuguese colonies in the New
World than in the English or French colonies?
a. The Spanish and Portuguese were much less racist than the English or the French.
b. The Spanish and the Portuguese were interested in producing people who could work on the haciendas and on the plantations while the English and the French preferred to import enslaved Africans to provide the necessary labor.
c. The English and the French were only interested in making their fortunes in the New World and
then returning to Europe while the Spanish and Portuguese were interested in settling the vast
amount of uncultivated land in Mexico and Peru.
d. The English and the French colonies were closer to Europe than were the Iberian colonies, so the
northern settlers could return home to marry and raise their families.
e. The English and the French colonists included more European women in their migrant numbers
than did the Spanish or the Portuguese; English and French colonists could mostly marry within
their own groups.
45. The cultivation of what crop proved the most deadly for enslaved Africans in the New World?
a. sugar
b. tobacco
c. cotton
d. indigo
e. nee
46. The practice of foot binding in Ming and Qing China developed as way to demonstrate
a. the authority of the emperor to order torture and other such brutal practices.
b. the power of patriarchal society over lowly women who could not resist.
c. the ability of wealthy classes to support women who could not perform physical labor.
d. the depth of erotic desire among men of all social classes.
e. the desire of women to behave in pleasing ways for men, even if it brought intense pain and
disfigurement.
47. The primary reason Japanese shoguns of the seventeenth century forcibly expelled Christianity from
Japan was that
a. they believed it was rapidly replacing Shintoism as the dominant faith in Japan and woutd thus
challenge their authority as spiritual leader.
b. they feared it could increase the power of the daimyos by leading to alliances with Europeans
which would undermine Shogun authority and Japanese tradition.
c. they had hoped it would undermine the emperor's power and add to theirs by making them head
of the Christian church in Japan, but the Pope refused to grant this leadership request.
d. they claimed to have found evidence that Christian missionaries were working with European
monarchs to undermine Shogun influence with the emperor and establish open ports in Japanese
cities.
e. they insisted that Christianity was a lesser faith than Buddhism, Shintoism, or Confucianism and
would not agree to let the faiths coexist as part of Japanese philosophical tradition.
477
Practice Tests with Answers and Analysis
48. Looking at the map below, select the most appropriate title from the list provided.
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a. Sites of Paleolithic Civilizations c. 500 B.C.E.
b. The Spread of Hinduism in Asia and Africa 500-1000 C.E.
c. Journeys ofIbn Battuta in Asia and Africa c. 1300
d. European Trading Posts in Asia and Africa c. 1700
e. World War II Battle Sites in Asia and Africa c. 1945
49. One reason Christianity and Islam were not more readily adopted in China and Japan was that
a. both Christianity and Islam claimed to be the only true religion, so conversion implied that Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism were false traditions, which was an unacceptable idea to most
Chinese and Japanese.
b. both Christianity and Islam demanded monogamy which was an unacceptable social restriction
for most Chinese and Japanese men who were used to having multiple wives necessary for producing the desired number of sons.
c. both Christianity and Islam required an end to idol worship which was an essential practice in
Confucianism, Daoism, and Shinto traditions, and local priests refused to abandon the practice.
d. both Christianity and Islam fostered a belief in a judgment day and an afterlife which conflicted
with the egalitarian beliefs of Confucianism and Shinto tradition.
e. both Christianity and Islam preached the idea of holy war which was in direct contradiction to the
pacifist beliefs of Zen and Chan Buddhists in Japan and China.
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Practice Exam 2
50. The intermarriage of Europeans with indigenous peoples c. 1500-1800 was most common in which
region?
a. China
b. Japan
c. Australia
d. North America
e. Brazil
51. Why could nineteenth-century European conservatives accept the American revolution as just but not
the French revolution?
a. The American revolution had taken place long before the French revolution and the rise of conservatism which sawall revolutions as evil.
b. The American revolution had only been against the British and not against the other conservative
powers at the Congress of Vienna.
c. The American revolution had not championed the cause "fraternity" which the French revolution
had and which the conservatives found most disturbing.
d. The American revolution was based on Enlightenment ideals, but the French revolution was
based on nationalism which the nineteenth-century conservatives viewed as extremely dangerous.
e. The American revolution was seen as an example of natural historical change and development,
but the French revolution was viewed as a chaotic attack on existing society and established socialorder.
52. Which of the following nineteenth-century individuals sought to extend the rights of freedom and
equality to women?
a. John Stuart Mill
b. John Locke
c. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
d. Theodor Herzl
e. Simon Bolivar
53. Which of the following modem European nations was built on the principles of "Realpolitik" and
"blood and iron"?
a. The Netherlands
b. Germany
c. Italy
d. France
e. Great Britain
54. Which of the following events came FIRST?
a. American revolution
b. French revolution
c. Haitian revolution
d. Congress of Vienna
e. Mexican revolution
55. Foreign investment in South America during the nineteenth century provided capital for
development but
a. often was controlled by local caudillos and thus did not positively impact working class people.
b. the resulting wealth as well as control over industries and exports remained in foreign hands.
c. was squandered in fighting between elites and revolutionaries over economic control and decision
making.
d. unlike the similar investments in North America, soon moved into local hands for reinvestment
and diversification.
e. was used primarily for building railroads and infrastructure rather than steel or textile factories.
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Practice Tests with Answers and Analysis
56. The British control of Malaya in the 1870s was important because
a. it halted French expansion in Indochina.
b. it provided a check against Russian expansion in Central Asia.
c. it enabled the British Navy to control the sea lanes linking the Indian Ocean and the South
China Sea.
d. it contributed to the dismantling of the Ottoman empire and the Qing empire.
e. it weakened Spanish claims to the East Indies, especially in the Philippines.
57. Which two nations carne LAST to the race for imperial power in the nineteenth century?
a. Britain and France
b. Spain and Portugal
c. China and Russia
d. The Netherlands and Germany
e. Japan and the United States
58. Which of the following "documents" was used to justify U.S. imperial incursions into Panama, the
Philippines, Nicaragua, and Honduras in the early twentieth century?
a. United States Constitution
b. Declaration of Independence
c. Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
d. Roosevelt Corollary
e. Monroe Doctrine
59. Which of the following conflicts was LEAST tied to nineteenth-century imperial motivations?
a. theSpanish-Cuban-American War
b. the Sino-Japanese War
c. the Russo-Japanese War
d. the Franco-Prussian War
e. the South African War
60. John Maynard Keynes would have found most agreement regarding government's role in a capitalist
economy with which of the following individuals?
a. Adam Smith
b. Franklin Roosevelt
c. Adolph Hitler
d. Benito Mussolini
e. Karl Marx
61. A key motivation for Japanese imperialism in Asia 1931-1945 was
a. the quest for timber rubber and petroleum available in Indonesia and Malaya.
b. to secure their holdings in Indochina against further German aggression.
c. to fulfill their treaty agreement with the other Axis powers.
d. the quest for additional populations to help them fight the Chinese.
e. to liberate those regions from European colonialism.
62. The behavior of Japanese soldiers at Nanjing in 1937 was given as the official Japanese reason for the
creation of
a. internment camps for captured resistance fighters and others deemed dangerous by the Japanese
authorities.
b. "comfort houses" where enslaved women from the Japanese-controlled colonies were forced to
work as prostitutes.
c. the United Nations definition of genocide.
d. war crime tribunals like in Nuremberg from 1945 to 1947.
e. the League of Nations to prevent further violent aggression.
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Practice Exam 2
63. The following statement is part of what larger cold war policy?
..... it must be the policy ofthe United States to support free people who are resisting attempted
subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. "
a. the United Nations Charter
b. the rationale for NATO
c. containment
d. Monroe Doctrine
e. Warsaw Pact
64. The formation ofthe United Nations was motivated by
a. the earlier successes of the League of Nations.
b. the Soviet acquisition of atomic bomb technology.
c. the creation of the nation of Israel.
d. the firebombing of Dresden and Tokyo.
e. the desire to keep world peace.
65. Which of these twentieth-century genocides occurred FIRST?
a. the Armenian genocide
b. the Holocaust
c. the Cambodian genocide
d. the Rwandan genocide
e. the genocide in Kosovo
66. The most serious challenge to Soviet control in eastern Europe came in
a. Czechoslovakia in 1968 with the election of Alexander Dubcek.
b. Afghanistan in the 1990s.
c. Hungary in 1956.
d. Yugoslavia in 1945.
e. Berlin in 1961.
67. Which of the following independence leaders said these words:
.. It is clear we mustfind an African solution to our problems, and
that this can only be found in African unity. Divided we are weak;
united, Africa could become one ofthe greatest forces from good
in the world. "
a. Nelson Mandela
b. Kwame Nkrumah
c. Frantz Fanon
d. Gamal Abdel Nassar
e. lomo Kenyatta
68. Which of the following is NOT a reason that independence came more slowly to African nations than
to nations in Asia?
a. Imperial nations were reluctant to let go of natural resources from their African colonies.
b. Cold war pressures, especially the pressure to align with one superpower or another, was strong.
c. Internal conflicts between groups, clans, or tribes sometimes made state building difficult.
d. African nations themselves could not agree on their joining of ultranational organizations like the
Pan-African Union or the United Nations.
e. ALL of the above are reasons independence came more slowly to African nations than to those in
Asia.
481
Practice Tests with Answers and Analysis
69. Which of the following pairs presents the BEST comparison between the policies of Maximillian
Robespierre and Mao Zedong?
a. Both feared counterrevolutionaries and so instituted the Terror and the Great Cultural Revolution.
b. Both sought to reduce the power of intellectuals and so instituted the Directory and the Gang of
Four.
c. Both valued agriculture as the ideal life profession and so instituted the White Terror and the
Great Leap Forward.
d. Both were religious men and so instituted the Cult of Supreme Being and the Campaign of 100
Flowers.
e. Both believed in communal living and so instituted the Commune in Paris and the collectivization
of agriculture in China.
70. Who said at his trial for treason before facing twenty-seven years in prison:
"I have cherished the ideal ofa democratic andfree society in which all persons live together in
harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if
need be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die. "
a. Kwame Nkrumah
b. Nelson Mandela
c. Juan Peron
d. Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi
e. Jacobo Arbenz Guzman