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Transcript 
Skeletal Muscle Alterations Are Exacerbated in Heart
Failure With Reduced Compared With Preserved Ejection
FractionCLINICAL PERSPECTIVE
by Martin Seiler, T. Scott Bowen, Natale Rolim, Maja-Theresa Dieterlen, Sarah
Werner, Tomoya Hoshi, Tina Fischer, Norman Mangner, Axel Linke, Gerhard Schuler,
Martin Halle, Ulrik Wisloff, and Volker Adams
Circ Heart Fail
Volume 9(9):e003027
September 8, 2016
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
Echocardiographic evaluation of fractional shortening (A), left ventricular posterior wall
thickness (LVPwD) (B), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (C), left ventricular endsystolic diameter (LVESD) (D) of rats with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF),
heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and controls (con).
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
The mRNA expression of the anabolic factor IGF-1 (A and D) and the protein expression of the
catabolic factors MuRF1 (B and E) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) (C
and F) in the soleus and diaphragm, from control (con) animals compared with those
demonstrating heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) or with preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction.
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
Activity of the calpain (A and C) and ubiquitin proteasome (B and D) systems in soleus and
diaphragm tissue in animals exhibiting heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) or with preserved
(HFpEF) ejection fraction relative to controls (con).
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ratio of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activity (A and C)
and creatine kinase (CK) enzyme activity (B and D) measured in the soleus and diaphragm from
controls (con) and animals exhibiting heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) or with preserved
(HFpEF) ejection fraction.
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
mRNA (A and C) and protein (B and D) expressions of PGC-1α in the soleus and diaphragm in
control (con) and heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) or with preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction
animals.
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
Enzymatic activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH] oxidase (A and E),
glutathione peroxidase (GPX; B and F), catalase (Cat; C and G), and superoxide dismutase
(SOD; D and H) in the soleus and diaphragm from control (con) animals and those of heart
failure with reduced (HFrEF) or with preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction.
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
Inflammatory cytokines measured from plasma concentrations in animals that developed heart
failure with reduced (HFrEF) or with preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction relative to controls
(con).
Martin Seiler et al. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9:e003027
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
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