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DJS 112: Part 3: 20xx ICS 93.080.20 ISSUED FOR COMMENTS ONLY Draft Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers – Part 3: Description and Classification BUREAU OF STANDARDS JAMAICA Bureau of Standards Jamaica 6 Winchester Road P.O. Box 113 Kingston 10 Jamaica, WI Tel: 876 632 4275 or 876 619 1131 Fax: 876 929 4736 E-mail: [email protected] Month 20xx COMMENT PERIOD: 27 October – 26 December 2016 . IMPORTANT NOTICE Jamaican standards are subjected to periodic review. The next amendment will be sent without charge if you cut along the dotted line and return the self-addressed label. If we do not receive this label we have no record that you wish to be kept up-to-date. Our address: Bureau of Standards Jamaica 6 Winchester Road P.O. Box 113 Kingston 10 Jamaica W.I. ---------------------------(cut along the line)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JS 112: Part 3: 20XX NAME OR DESIGNATION………………………………………………….………………………………...... ADDRESS……………………………………………………………………….………….…………………… ….……………………………………….………………………………………………………………………… ………...............................................................................…………………………………………………… DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 JBS CERTIFICATION MARK PROGRAMME The general policies of the JBS Certification Mark Programme are as follows: - The JBS provides certification services for manufacturers participating in the programme and licensed to use the gazetted JBS Certification Marks to indicate conformity with Jamaican Standards. - Where feasible, programmes will be developed to meet special requirements of the submitter. Where applicable, certification may form the basis for acceptance by inspection authorities responsible for enforcement of regulations. - In performing its functions in accordance with its policies, JBS will not assume or undertake any responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party. Participants in the programme should note that in the event of failure to resolve an issue arising from interpretation of requirements, there is a formal appeal procedure. Further information concerning the details of the JBS Certification Mark Programme may be obtained from the Bureau of Standards, 6 Winchester Road, Kingston 10. CERTIFICATION MARKS Product Certification Marks Certification of Agricultural Produce (CAP) Mark ii Plant Certification Mark Jamaica-Made Mark (JMM) DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 © 20XX Bureau of Standards All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of a Bureau of Standards publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including, photocopying microfilm or scanning, without permission in writing from the Bureau of Standards Jamaica. ISBN XXX XXX XXX XXX X Declared by the Bureau of Standards to be a standard specification pursuant to section 7 of the Standards Act 1968. First published Month 20XX This standard was circulated in the draft form for comment under the reference DJS 112: Part 3: 20XX. Jamaican Standards establish requirements in relation to commodities, processes and practices, but do not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. The attention of those using this standard specification is called to the necessity of complying with any relevant legislation. Amendments No. Date of Issue Remarks Entered by and date iii DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Contents Page Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................v 1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................1 2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................1 3 Apparatus ...............................................................................................................................................1 4 Sampling .................................................................................................................................................2 5 Examination procedure .........................................................................................................................2 6 Reporting ................................................................................................................................................2 7 Nomenclature .........................................................................................................................................3 Standards Council ........................................................................................................................................... 14 iv DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Foreword This standard has been prepared by the Jamaica Bureau of Standards' Aggregates Committee. Metric dimensions are used throughout the standard as part of the national policy to change to the metric system. The standard is Part 3 of a twelve part standard outlining methods of test for the sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers. The standard is considered to be mandatory. This part (Part 3) covers description and classification.. Part 1 covers sampling of aggregates. Part 2 covers reducing samples of aggregate to testing size Part 4 covers determination of particle size distribution. Part 5 covers particle shape Part 6 covers clay lumps and friable particles Part 7 covers moisture content Part 8 covers soundness Part 9 covers particle density and water absorption Part 10 covers bulk density Part 11 covers sand equivalent value Part 12 covers liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity Index Information on any other methods of tests that are thought suitable for extensive use, or suggestions for improvement of the specified methods are welcome and will be considered when the standard becomes due for revision (5 years). Committee representation The revision of this standard for the Standards Council, established by the Standards Act 1968 was carried out under the supervision of the Bureau’s Aggregates Technical Committee which at the time comprised the following members: Acknowledgement Acknowledgement is made to the following institution for permission to reproduce material from the related documents outlined below. American Society for Testing and Materials v DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Related documents This standard makes reference to the following: ASTM C294 Standard Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates ASTM C295 Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete BS EN 932 Tests for general properties of aggregates simplified petrographic description JS 112 Part 1 Part 4 vi — Part 3: Procedure and terminology for Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers Sampling of Aggregates Determination of particle size distribution DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers – Part 3: Description and Classification 1 Scope This Jamaican Standard specifies a basic procedure for the petrographic examination of aggregates for the purposes of general classification. Such an examination is required to classify the constituent materials of the sample, to determine the relative amounts of each constituent material, to assess the degree of weathering and to provide a gauge of the shape and size of the constituent materials. This standard is applicable to natural and artificial aggregates. In cases where a more comprehensive description is required ASTM C295 is recommended. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ASTM C294, Standard Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates ASTM C295, Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete BS EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 3: Procedure and terminology for simplified petrographic description JS 112: 2015, Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers — Part 1: Sampling of Aggregates JS 112: 2015, Jamaican Standard Methods for sampling and testing of Mineral aggregates, sands and fillers — Part 4: Determination of particle size distribution 3 Apparatus Apparatus shall consist of: 1) Hand-lens 2) Penknife 3) Stereoscopic microscope (magnification: typically 10x to 100x) 4) Polarizing microscope 5) Reagent, dilute hydrochloric acid (10%) 6) Test sieves as are required for Sieve Analysis 1 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 4 Sampling Sampling of aggregates shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements detailed in JS 112: Part 1. 5 5.1 Examination procedure Sample should be dry sieved according to JS 112: Part 4. 5.2 Identify the major rock types by visual examination or by using a hand lens or microscope. If possible examine a broken or scratched surface. It may also be necessary to test the reaction when a small portion of acid is applied to the specimen. To enhance the visual characteristics the specimen may be subjected to other treatments including washing, cutting and polishing. 5.3 Degree of weathering – evidence of weathering should be noted. The degree should be noted as not weathered, slightly weathered, moderately weathered, or severely weathered. Porous rocks should be noted. 5.4 The presence of an exterior coating on the surface of the grains shall be noted. 5.5 Particles should be grouped according to rock or mineral type and the particle count in each group recorded. These particles may then be described by the following features: 1) Particle shape 2) Texture 3) Colour 4) Existence of pores 5) Coatings and incrustations 6) Presence of components which are deleterious to concrete. NOTE 1 "Coarse" grains are visible to the naked eye, and the minerals can usually be identified using a magnifier; "fine" grains are smaller and usually cannot be identified with a magnifier. NOTE 2 Hardness actually refers to minerals rather than rocks, so a rock may be crumbly yet consist of hard minerals. But in simple terms, "hard" rock scratches glass and steel, usually signifying the minerals quartz or feldspar (Mohs hardness 6-7 and up); "soft" rock will scratch a fingernail (Mohs 3-5.5); "very soft" rock is scratched by fingernails (Mohs 12). Igneous rocks are always hard. Metamorphic rocks are generally hard. 6 Reporting The test report shall include: 2 1) the essential data needed to identify the sample as to source 2) the composition and properties (shape, texture, colour) of the material as revealed by the examination 3) a description of the nature and features of each constituent of the sample. 4) the degree of weathering DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 7 Nomenclature The description of aggregates and its components should reflect the standard nomenclature of geological materials and should be in the format of Rocks then minerals then fragments. Rocks are classified, according to their origins, into three major categories: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. (see ASTM C294). Minerals are classified based on their physical as well as their chemical properties. First, decide whether rock is primarily igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic: Igneous rocks are tough, frozen melts with little texture or layering; mostly black, white and/or gray minerals; may look like granite or like lava. Sedimentary rocks are hardened sediment with sandy or clayey layers (strata); mostly brown to gray; may have fossils and water or wind marks. Metamorphic rocks are tough, with straight or curved layers (foliation) of light and dark minerals; various colours; often glittery with mica. Next, check the rock's grain size and hardness and classify according to the tables below Table 1 — Description of Igneous Rocks Grain Size Usual Colour Other Prominent Features Composition Rock Type Fine dark glassy appearance lava glass Obsidian Fine light many small bubbles lava froth from sticky Pumice lava Fine dark many large bubbles lava froth from fluid lava Scoria high-silica lava Felsite fine mixed or light Contains quartz fine mixed or medium between felsite and medium-silica lava basalt Andesite fine mixed or dark has no quartz Basalt low-silica lava Mixed any colour large grains in fine- large grains feldspar, quartz, grained matrix pyroxene or olivine Coarse light wide range of colour feldspar and quartz with Granite and grain size minor mica, amphibole or pyroxene Coarse light like granite of Porphyry but feldspar with minor mica, Syenite 3 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 without quartz amphibole or pyroxene Coarse light to little or medium feldspar Coarse medium to little or no quartz dark Coarse medium to no quartz; may have high-calcium plagioclase Gabbro olivine dark and dark minerals coarse dark dense; always has olivine with amphibole Peridotite olivine and/or pyroxene coarse dark dense mostly pyroxene with Pyroxenite olivine and amphibole coarse green dense at least 90% olivine very coarse any colour usually in small typically granitic intrusive bodies 4 no alkali plagioclase and quartz Tonalite with dark minerals low-calcium plagioclase Diorite and dark minerals Obsidian Pumice Scoria Felsite Dunite Pegmatite DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Andesite Basalt Porphyry Granite 5 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 6 Syenite Tonalite Diorite Gabbro Peridotite Pyroxenite Dunite Pegmatite DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Figure 1 — Pictures of Igneous Rocks Table 2 — Description of Sedimentary Rocks Hardness Grain Size Other Prominent Features Composition Rock Type hard coarse white to brown clean quartz Sandstone hard coarse usually very coarse quartz and feldspar Arkose hard soft or mixed gray or "dirty" dark and mixed sediment Wacke/Graywacke with rock grains and clay hard soft or mixed round rocks in finer mixed rocks sediment matrix sediment and Conglomerate hard soft or mixed sharp pieces in finer mixed rocks sediment matrix sediment and Breccia hard fine feels gritty on teeth very fine sand; no Siltstone clay hard fine no fizzing with acid chalcedony Chert Soft fine splits in layers clay minerals Shale Soft fine black; burns with tarry carbon smoke Coal Soft fine Fizzes with acid Limestone Soft coarse fine calcite or Negligible fizzing with dolomite acid unless powdered Dolomite 7 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Soft coarse mostly pieces fossil shells Coquina very soft coarse salt taste halite Rock salt very soft coarse white, tan or pink gypsum Gypsum 8 Sandstone Arkose Wacke/Greywacke Conglomerate Breccia Siltstone DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Chert Shale Coal Limestone Coquina Gypsum 9 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Figure 2 — Pictures of Sedimentary Rocks Table 3 — Description of Metamorphic Rocks Foliation Grain Size Usual Colour Other Rock Type foliated fine light very soft; greasy feel Soapstone foliated fine dark soft; strong cleavage Slate nonfoliated fine dark soft; massive structure Argillite foliated fine dark shiny; crinkly foliation Phyllite foliated coarse mixed dark crushed and stretched fabric; Mylonite and light deformed large crystals foliated coarse mixed dark wrinkled foliation; often has large Schist and light crystals foliated coarse mixed banded Gneiss foliated coarse mixed distorted "melted" layers Migmatite foliated coarse dark mostly hornblende Amphibolite nonfoliated fine greenish soft; shiny, mottled surface Serpentinite nonfoliated fine 10 or dark dull and opaque colors, found Hornfels DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 coarse near intrusions nonfoliated coarse red green and dense; garnet and pyroxene nonfoliated coarse light soft; calcite or dolomite by the acid test Marble nonfoliated coarse light quartz (no fizzing with acid) Quartzite Soapstone Slate Argillite Phyllite Mylonite Schist Eclogite 11 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 12 Gneiss Migmatite Amphibolite Serpentinite Hornfels Eclogite DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Marble Quartzite Figure 3 — Pictures of Metamorphic Rocks ... 13 DJS 112: Part 3: 2016 Standards Council The Standards Council is the controlling body of the Bureau of Standards and is responsible for the policy and general administration of the Bureau. The Council is appointed by the Minister in the manner provided for in the Standards Act, 1968. Using its powers in the Standards Act, the Council appoints committees for specified purposes. The Standard Act, 1968 sets out the duties of the Council and the steps to be followed for the formulation of a standard. Preparation of standards documents The following is an outline of the procedure which must be followed in the preparation of documents: a) The preparation of standards documents is undertaken upon the Standards Council’s authorization. This may arise out of representations from national organisations or existing Bureau of Standards’ Committees or Bureau’s staff. If the project is approved it is referred to the appropriate sectional committee or if none exists a new committee is formed or the project is assigned to a Bureau staff. b) If necessary, when the final draft of a standard is ready, the Council authorizes an approach to the Minister in order to obtain the formal concurrence of any other Minister who may be responsible for any area which the standard may affect. c) With the approval of the Standards Council, the draft document is made available for general public comments. All interested parties, by means of a notice in the Press, are invited to comment. In addition, copies are forwarded to those known, interested in the subject. d) The committee considers all the comments received and recommends a final document to the Standards Council. e) The Standards Council recommends the document to the Minister for publication. f) The Minister approves the recommendation of the Standards Council. g) The declaration of the standard is gazzetted and copies placed on sale. h) On the recommendation of the Standards Council the Minister may declare a standard to be compulsory. i) Amendments to and revisions of standards normally require the same procedure as is applied to the preparation of the original standard. Overseas Standards documents The Bureau of Standards maintains a reference library which includes the standards of many overseas standard organizations. These standards can be inspected upon request. The Bureau can supply on demand copies of standards produced by some national standards and is the agency for the sale of standards produced by International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) members. Application to use the reference library and to purchase Jamaican and other standard documents should be addressed to: Bureau of Standards 6 Winchester Road, P.O. Box 113, Kingston 10, Jamaica, W.I. 14
