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Convert to scientific notation.
1. 47,000,000,000
3. 863,000,000,000,000,000
5. 0.000000016
7. 0.00000000007
2.
4.
6.
8.
2,600,000,000,000
957,000,000,000,000,000
0.000000263
0.00000000009
Look for worked-out
examples at the Prentice
Hall Web site.
www.phschool.com
Write scientific notation for the number.
9. The mass of an electron is 0.000000000000000000000000000911 g.
10. The population of the United States is about 273,000,000.
11. An electron carries a charge of 0.00000000048 electrostatic units.
12. The volume of a grain of sand is about 0.0000000013 ft3.
13. An oxygen atom is about 0.000000001 times the size of a drop of water.
14. The distance from the sun to Pluto is 3,664,000,000 miles.
15. The weight of a blue whale is 306,990 pounds.
16. The gross national product (GNP) of the United States in 1996 was
$7,567,100,000,000.
Convert to decimal notation.
17. 4 X 10~4
19. 6.73 X 108
21. 8.923 X 10-10
18. 5 X 10~5
20. 9.24 X 107
22. 7.034 X 10"2
Multiply or divide, and write scientific
23. (2.3 X 106)(4.2 X 10-")
25. (2.34 X HT8)(5.7 X 10~4)
27. (3.2 X 106)(2.6 X 104)
notation for the answer.
24. (6.5 X 103)(5.2 X 10~8)
26. (3.26 X lQ-6)(8.2 X lO"6)
28. (3.11 X 103)(1.01 X 10")
Divide, and write scientific notation for the answer.
6
^ 4.0 x IO-6
8.5 x 108
5.1 x IO
30.
5
3
3L
3.4 x IO
8.0 x ID"3
' 3.4 x IO
9
7
s
„ 7.5 X IP'
12.6 > c 10
14 3.2 x IO_^
33.
8
4
' 8.0 x IO
4.2 X
" 2.5 x 10~
Estimation
Simplify.
4
^. (6.1 x 10 )(7.2 x IP'6)
9.8 X IO"4
37.
39.
780,000,000 x 0.00071
0.000005
43,000.000 x 0.095
63,000
36.
(8.05 X 10-") (5.9 X IO 7 )
3.1 x IO14
38.
830,000,000 X 0.12
3,100,000
/in
0.0073 X 0.84
1-9 Scientific Notation
47
B
Convert to scientific notation.
41. 3,871.5403
42. 510.0036
43. 20,000,000.029
44. 71.428571
14
45. The distance light travels in 100 years is about 5.8 X 10 miles. How far
does light travel in 13 weeks?
46. The average distance of Earth from the sun is around 9.3 X 107 miles.
About how far does Earth travel in its yearly orbit about the sun? (Hint:
Assume the orbit is circular.)
47. Critical Thinking
Scientific notation for a number is a X 10", where
a is an odd prime number that is a factor of 845 and n is the greatest
multiple of 4 that is less than 11. Find standard notation for the number.
Challenge
48. Compare 8 • 10~90 and 9 • 10~91. Which is larger and by how much? Write
scientific notation for the difference.
Use the table below for Exercises 49-55. Write the answers using scientific
notation.
Feet in a mile
Yards in a mile
Sec in a minute
5.28 X 103
1.76 X 103
6 X 101
Minutes in an hour
6 X 101
2.4 X 101
Hours in a day
Days in a year
3.6525 X 102
49. One foot per second is how many miles per hour?
50. Find miles per hour for a speed of 25 feet per second.
51. The men's outdoor world record for the mile in 1999 was 3 minutes
43.13 seconds. Find the record in feet per second.
52. The men's outdoor world record for the 400 m run was 43.18 seconds.
Find the average speed in feet per second. (1m ~ 3.28 ft)
53. What percent faster was the record for the 400 m run than for the mile?
54. The speed of light is about 186,282 miles per second. A light year is the
distance light travels in one year. How many feet does light travel per day?
55. How many seconds does it take for light to travel 100 yards?
I Review
Simplify. 56. 6y - [8 - ll(9v + 4)]
57. [9(y + 2) + 8y] - {6[(3y - 5) - (6y + 11)] + 16} 1-3 58. (^-J 1-7
59. [6(9 - 4) + 3] • (4 - 3 • 8) - 5 1-2
60. (4f) 3
Collect like terms.
T-,Factor. f65.
. wx
-*-
48
61. (-02
62. 5(-3m) 2 1-7
63.
4a— 5b - 6a + 3b 64. 9m - 5n + 3n - 12m 1-4
x
y
— -*- 1-4
Chapter 1 Real Numbers, Algebra, and Problem Solving