Download 1.)$Solar$Power!"!energy!coming!from!the!sun! through!nuclear

November 28, 2011
Different(Sources(of(Energy
1.)$Solar$Power!"!energy!coming!from!the!sun!
through!nuclear!fusion
Note!that!the!sun!is!the!source!of!all!other!
sources!of!energy!except!for!nuclear!and!
geothermal.
Energy!Transformations:
a.)!photovoltaic!cell!(aka!solar!cell!or!photocell)
*!converts!a!portion!of!the!radiated!energy!
directly!into!a!potential!difference!
(voltage)!but!unable!to!provide!much!
current!"!used!to!run!electrical!devices!that!
do!not!use!a!great!deal!of!energy
*!uses!a!semiconductor
b.)!active!solar!heater!(aka!solar!panel)
*!designed!to!capture!as!much!thermal!
energy!as!possible
Advantages!and!Disadvantages:
advantages:
*"very"clean"production"1"no"harmful"chemical"
by1products
*"renewable
*"source"of"energy"is"free
disadvantages:
*"can"only"be"utilized"during"the"day
*"unreliable"due"to"weather"conditions
*"low"energy"density"5"very"large"area"will"be"
needed"for"a"signi8icant"amount"of"energy
November 28, 2011
2.)$Fossil&Fuels!"!energy!source!from!decayed!
plants!and!animals
"!coal,!oil!and!natural!gas
*!Coal!"!formed!from!dead!plant!matter!that!used!to!grow!
!!in!swamps.!
!!!! !"!layer!upon!layer!of!decaying!matter!decomposed!
!!and!compressed!over!a!long!period!of!time
*!Oil!"!formed!in!a!similar!manner!as!coal!but!from!
!remains!of!microscopic!marine!life.
!! !!"!compression!took!place!under!the!sea
*!Natural!gas!"!obtained!as!a!by"product!during!the!
!!!!!
!!production!of!oil.!It!is!also!possible!to!
!!!!!
!!manufacture!gas!from!coal.
Advantages and Disadvantages
advantages:
* Fossil fuels are relatively easy to transport
* Cheaper when compared to other sources of energy
* Can be built anywhere with good transport links and water
availability
* Can be used directly in the home to provide heating
disadvantages:
* Combustion products can produce pollution, notably acid rain
* Combustion products contain 'greenhouse' gases
* Extraction of fossil fuels can damage the environment
* Coal-fired power station need large amount of fuel
November 28, 2011
3.)$Hydroelectric+Power
Energy'Transformations:
*'source'of'energy'is'gravitational'potential'
energy
Advantages and Disadvantages:
advantages:
* very clean production - no harmful by-products
* renewable
* source is free
disadvantages:
* can only be utilized in particular areas
* construction of dam will involve land being buried under
water
November 28, 2011
4.)$Wave%Energy
*!not$the$same$as$tidal$power
*$aim$to$use$kinetic$energy$of$the$waves$to$
generate$electricity
Advantages and Disadvantages:
advantages:
* very clean production - no harmful by-products
* renewable
* source is free
disadvantages:
* don't produce constant supply of electricity
* may be costly - wave generators need to withstand storms
* uses lots of cables needed to connect to the electricity grid
- spoil the view of the coastline
* may affect the habitat of marine life
November 28, 2011
4.)$Tidal&Energy
*!converts)the)energy)of)tides)to)electricity
*)kinetic)energy)of)the)water)(tides))is)use)to)
generate)electricity
Advantages and Disadvantages:
advantages:
* very clean production - no harmful by-products
* renewable
* source is free
disadvantages:
* only a handful of places around the world is best suited for
tidal energy to produce sustainable amount of energy
* may be costly to build but operating cost is low
* may affect the habitat of marine life
November 28, 2011
5.)$Geothermal*Energy
*!is#thermal#energy#from#the#earth
*#Energy#is#from#radioactive#substances#deep#
###within#the#earth.#The#energy#from#these#
###substances#heats#up#the#surrounding#matter#
###;#heat#energy#transfers#outward#towards#the#
Earth's#surface
Advantages and Disadvantages:
advantages:
* very clean production - no harmful by-products
* renewable
* source is free
* power station do not take up much room, so less impact on
the environment
disadvantages:
* only a handful of places around the world is best suited for
geothermal energy to produce sustainable amount of
energy
* geothermal sites may run out of steam, perhaps for
decades
* hazardous gases and minerals may come up from
underground and it may be difficult to dispose
November 28, 2011
5.)$Nuclear(Energy
* many&nuclear&power&stations&use&
uranium2235&as&fuel
*&fuel&is&not&burned&but&the&release&of&energy&is&
achieved&using&a&<ission&reaction
*&in&each&individual&reaction,&an&incoming&
neutron&causes&a&uranium&nucleus&to&split&
apart.&Fragments&are&moving&very&fast;&
temperature&is&very&high.&Chain&reaction&is&
created.
November 28, 2011
Advantages and Disadvantages:
advantages:
* very clean production - no harmful by-products
* the cost is almost the same as a coal power plant so not
expensive
* produces large amount of energy with a small amount of
fuel (uranium)
disadvantages:
* non-renewable
* produces small amounts of waste products but very
dangerous (still radioactive)
* inexpensive to build but a lot is spent for maintenance and
safety
* By-products (nuclear waste) can be use to produce nuclear
weapons.
November 28, 2011
6.)$Biomass
*!energy&from&organic&material
7.)&Wind%Energy
*!kinetic'energy'from'wind