Download Mutations and DNA

Name:___________________________________________ Date:__________________
Mutations and DNA
Directions: Using the biology textbook Chapter 11.6 and any other resources
answer the questions below.
1. Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a
_____________________________.
2. Mutations can involved DNA in two different ways. What are they?
3. Changes in the DNA sequence of a single gene are called
_____________________________.
4. Give an example from the book of a type of disorder when there is a
change in the DNA and it changes the protein.
__________________________________________
5. Mutations that do not change the sequence of amino acids are called:
______________________________.
6. What do we call the type of mutations that cause a shift in the DNA?
___________________________& __________________________.
7. Is this more harmful than the other type of mutation? Why?
8. An environmental factor that causes mutations is called:
____________________________.
9. What are some examples?
10. Some mutations can be beneficial like in the example of the
__________________________________________ , which has a
mutation that changed the ___________________________________.
11. If a mutation occurs in an organism’s ________________then it will be
inherited.
DIRECTIONS: Transcribe and translate the original DNA sequence. Then, do the same for
each mutated DNA sequence. Then, determine the consequence, if any, for each mutation,
by circling your choice for each question. You will need a mRNA Code Chart.
Original DNA
sequence:
TAC
ACC
TTG GCG ACG ACT
mRNA transcript:
amino acids:
Mutated DNA
sequence #2:
TAC GAC CTT GGC GAC GAC T
mRNA transcript:
(Circle any changes)
amino acids:
How did the
mutation affect
the amino acid
sequence
(protein)?
No change
Mutated DNA
sequence #3:
1 amino
acid
changed
Premature
stop signal
No stop
signal
1 amino acid
added/
deleted
All the amino acids
changed after the
point of mutation
TAC ACC TTA GCG ACG ACT
mRNA transcript:
(Circle any changes)
amino acids:
How did the
mutation affect
the amino acid
sequence
(protein)?
No change
1 amino
acid
changed
Premature
stop signal
No stop
signal
1 amino acid
added/
deleted
All the amino acids
changed after the
point of mutation
Mutated DNA
sequence #4:
TAC ACC TTG GCG AGG ACT
mRNA transcript:
(Circle any changes)
amino acids:
How did the
mutation affect
the amino acid
sequence
(protein)?
No change
Mutated DNA
sequence #5:
1 amino
acid
changed
Premature
stop signal
No stop
signal
1 amino acid
added/
deleted
TAC ACC TTG GGA CGA
All the amino acids
changed after the
point of mutation
CT
mRNA transcript:
(Circle any changes)
amino acids:
How did the
mutation affect
the amino acid
sequence
(protein)?
No change
1 amino
acid
changed
Premature
stop signal
No stop
signal
1 amino acid
added/
deleted
All the amino acids
changed after the
point of mutation
Analysis:
1. Which mutated DNA sequence(s) above resulted in an abnormal amino acid
sequence when compared to the original amino acid sequence?
2. Examine your mRNA code chart. How many of the 20 amino acids has more than
one codon? ______________ Name an amino acid that has only one codon:
3. How can a mutation show NO effect on the protein made?