Download 8th Grade SS Brainstorming Power Standards Updated

Pre-Historic Georgia
The indigenous people came from Asia across the
"Bering Land Bridge"!
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Pre-Historic Georgia
A
rchaic
P
Woodlands
aleo
Mississippians
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Where is Georgia?
Georgia
5 Regions/6 Physical Features/NW
Hemispheres/USA
Place/Location/
Regions/
Features
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Where is Georgia?
4
Most Georgians Live
In This Region...
2
6
3
1
•Fall Line
•Barrier Islands
•Okefenokee Swamp
•Appalachian Mtns.
•Chattahoochee River
•Savannah River
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
5
European Exploration and Colonization
Great Britain
Hernando De Soto
Gold
Catholic
Missions
Friars
St Catherine's
Barrier Islands
Guale
Mocama
Protestants
Huguenots
Mercantilism
Virginia Colony
Jamestown
France
Spain
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Georgia Becomes a Colony...
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
"The Trustee
Period"
1732-1752
•21-21-5
•Trustees
•Years
•"Rules of the Land"
•James Oglethorpe (GB)
•Friend Died in Debtor's Prison
•Wanted GA to be a Colony
for the "Worthy Poor”
•Chief Tomochichi
•Mary Musgrove
•City of Savannah
•The Salzburgers
•The Highland Scots
•The "Battle of Bloody
Marsh"
•The "Spanish Threat"
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
•King George II
Approved (Charter of
1732) it For 3 Reasons:
•Charity/ Economics/
Defense ("Spanish
Threat")
"Royal Colony"
1752-1776
Royal Governors
John Reynolds
Henry Ellis
James Wright
The Road to Discontent and The
American Revolution...
Colonist/Patriots/Whigs vs Great Britain/Loyalists/Tories
French and
Indian War
France and Great Britain
Also known as the "Seven
Year's War"
Native Americans Fought
with France
Fought Over the Ohio River
Valley Territory
Great Britain Won
The "Treaty of Paris" gave
G.B. the Territory...
King George III's
"Proclamation of 1763"
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
The War Was
Expensive... the
Colonist Paid...
The "Sugar Act"
The "Stamp Act" "TAXATION
WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
"
"Son's of Liberty" and the
"Boston Massacre"
The "Townshend Act"
The "Tea Act"
The "Boston Tea Party"
The "Intolerable Acts"
The fighting begins at
the "Battle of
Lexington and
Concord"!
Georgia in the American Revolution...
"The siege of Savannah"
"Battle of Kettle Creek"
•Georgia was a Loyal Colony
•Georgia gained Territory after the French
and Indian War
•Georgia was the Only Colony to Follow the
"Stamp Act"
•Georgia's Group of "Patriots" were the
"Liberty Boys"
•When the colonists met at the First
Continental Congress, Georgia had no
delegates.
Elijah Clarke
Austin Dabney
Nancy Hart
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Georgia's Role With "The Declaration of Independence"
Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall and George Walton - Georgia’s Second
Provincial Congress met in Tondee’s Tavern (“The Cradle of Liberty in
Georgia”) in Savannah, GA and appointed delegates to the Second
Continental Congress. They Signed the Declaration of Independence.
Preamble-Feelings
Body-Grievance Against the
King
Conclusion-Declared
Independence
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Georgia's Constitution of 1777 and the U.S. Constitution
Georgia's Constitution of
1777 was Modeled after
the Articles of
Confederation
No Tax
Collection
System
Too Much
Legislative
Power
(Unicameral)
No Military to
Enforce Laws
• Georgia had two delegate that signed the Constitution :
• Abraham Baldwin (His vote forced a tie over the issue to support small state representation)
• He helped develop the “Great Compromise” (Each state gets 2 members (bicameral) in the Senate, but representation in the
House of Representation was based on the states’ population.
• William Few (voted in favor of the National Government)
• Baldwin and Few hoped the Federal Government would help them fight the Native Americans in Georgia.
• On January 2, 1788, Georgia was the 4th State to Ratify (approve) the U.S. Constitution.
• Since southern states were made up of many slaves , how weren’t allowed to vote, the population was counted by measuring each slave as 3/5
of a person (“The Three-Fifths Compromise”).
• In 1791, Ten Amendments were added to the Constitution called the “Bill of Rights”.
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Georgia's Growth and Expansion
1st State University in the U.S.A. - U.G.A. Athens, GA
Capitol City - Moved From Savannah to Louisville
Baptist and Methodist Church Growth - "Second Great Awakening"
Land Policies - Headright System, Land Lotteries and the Yazoo Land Fraud
Technological Growth - Raildroads & Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney)
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Indian Removal
Creek
2 chiefs and 2 Treaties
Alexander McGillivray - Treaty of New York
William McIntosh - Treaty of Indian Springs
Cherokee
"Assimilates" (White Life)/Sequoyah (Written Language)
Chief John Ross
Dahlonega Gold Rush - Georgia Wanted the Land
President Andrew Jackson Executed the "Indian Removal Act"
Worcester vs Georgia (Court Case Challenging the "Indian Removal Act")
Judge John Marshall Ruled in Favor of the Cherokee
A Group of Cherokee Eventually Gave-Up the Land With the Treaty of Echota
"The Trail of Tears"
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Causes of the Civil War
Sectionalism
Slavery
States' Rights
Tariff of 1828
Nullification
Missouri Compromise
(Missouri/Maine) (2 at a
time)
Compromise of 1850 (C.A./
Fugitive Slave Act)
Georgia Platform (Uphold the
Fugitive Slave Act/Not ban
Slavery)
Kansas-Nebraska Act
(Popular Sovereignty)
Key Events...
Key Events...
First Battle - Fort Sumter April 12,
1861
Kentucky, Maryland,Missouri and
Delaware were "border states" - Didn't
join the Confederacy
Antietam- Bloodiest Day of the War
Emancipation Proclamation - Slaves
Free
Chickamauga - Georgia's first and
largest battle
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Union Blockade - Prevented the
South from trading with Europe
Gettysburg- Largest and deadliest
Battle (Union Won)
Atlanta Campaign - The Union's
mission to take Atlanta - General
William Sherman forced
Confederates out of Atlanta and
burned 90% of the city. Sherman
continued his "march to the sea" taking Savannah.
Dred Scott (Blacks Not a
Citizen/ Can't Sue)
Election of 1860 (Republican
Abraham Lincoln-AntiSlavery)
GA seceded from the Union in
1/21/1861 Alexander Stephen
voted against secession)
Key Events...
Captured Union soldiers were
placed in Andersonville Prison
-horrible Conditions - 13700
soldiers are buried there.
General Lee surrendered to
the Union April 9, 1865 - The
War Was Over
620,000 died... 2/3's from
disease, wounds or prison
hardships.
Reconstruction
Admitting Southern States Back Into The Union...
Freedmen's Bureau
Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmers
13th Amendment - Outlawed Slavery
14th Amendment - Citizenship and Protection Under the Law
15th Amendment - All Males the Right to Vote Regardless of
Race
Henry McNeal Turner and Other Black Legislators
Won Elections in Georgia for the First Time.
Klu Klux Klan - The Rise of Secret Hate Groups
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
"The New
South"
Bourbon
Triumvirate
"Industry and Business is better
than agriculture."
Racial Tension grew as Hoke Smith
ran for Governor and promised to
remove the voting rights of Blacks...
Joseph Brown John Gordon Alfred Colquitt Wealthy Democrats who argued for Industry and
Business in Georgia; Believed in White Supremacy...
Henry Grady - An ally of the Bourbon
Triumvirate- Editor of the AJC - Voice of the
South - Advocated for the "New South"
The International Cotton Explosion - Hosted
in Georgia to spotlight Georgia
Populist- Farmers hated the industry/business
movement - started the Farmer's Alliance- led
to the Populist Party under Tom Watson
Rebecca Latimer Felton - First U.S. Female
Senator- for 24 hours - Replaced Tom Watson
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Atlanta Race Riots - 1906
Frank Leo Case - Antisemitism
County Unit System - Voting System
that supported small counties
Jim Crow Laws - Segregation
Plessy v. Ferguson - "Segregation was
legal" as long as "separate was equal"...
Disenfranchisement- Denying Voting
Rights
Racial Violence- KKK, cross burnings,
polling places, churches
The Response
from Blacks...
Booker T. Washington - No integration/Hard
work/Vocational Education
W. E. B. Du Bois - Believed that Blacks should
speak out for their rights!
John Hope - First President of Morehouse
College and founded the first Black Graduate
School for African Americans
Lugenia Burns Hope - founded Neigh7Union
for poor blacks
Alonza Herndon -
Georgia and World
War I...
CAUSES:
M.A.I.N./Assassination of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
GEORGIA'S CONTRIBUTIONS:
Training Camps
Built Planes
Trained Pilots
Prisoners of War Camps
Victory Gardens
The “Great
Depression”
and WWII…
Eugene Talmadge
The Boll
Weevil…
The “Great Depression”
1929-Late 1930’s
The Boll Weevil
The 1920’s Drought
The Cost of Farm
Equipment
The Migration of
Farmers
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Unemployment
Low Wages
Other Countries Owed
the U.S. A. Money
Debt
Talmadge served three times as the
commissioner of agriculture and
three times as governor.
Farmers backed Talmadge
passionately, and he fought for
farmer’s issues throughout his
entire career.
As governor, Talmadge resisted
efforts to give more civil rights
to African- Americans.
“The New
Deal”
President Franklin D.
Roosevelt
Social Security Act
Rural Electrification
Agricultural Adjustment
Act
Civilian Conservation Corps
Civil Rights Movement
1940’s -1950’s
SS8H11abc SUMMARY:
©Copyright HAE
1964 CIVIL RIGHTS ACT
On June 11, 1963, President John F. Kennedy
gave a televised speech talking about the
importance of civil rights for ALL Americans.
He then asked Congress to create an Act (law)
that protected the freedoms of African
Americans by outlawing discrimination and
segregation. The bill was passed in both the
House of Representatives and the Senate, and
signed into law by President Lyndon B.
Johnson (who succeeded President Kennedy
after he was assassinated). It should be noted
that many Southern US Congressmen did not
support the Civil Rights Act. Only 8 out of 127
Southern politicians voted to pass the Civil
Rights Act, compared to 355 out of 394 of nonSouthern politicians, and Southern attempts to
preserve white supremacy failed.
SS8H11c
SS8H11a Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the
1940s and 1950s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946
governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin
Luther King, Jr., and the 1956 state flag.
CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN THE 1940s
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
1946: END OF WHITE PRIMARIES
As governor of Georgia, Ellis Arnall enforced the court decision
to stop the unfair practice of White Primaries, which had
disenfranchised black voters. African-Americans could now vote
during the primary election in July for either black candidates or
non-racist white candidates. Racist white candidates no longer
automatically advanced to the General Election because there
was no opposition in white primaries. However, the county unit
system still gave rural counties a huge advantage, which is
where a majority of the racist voters lived in Georgia.
Discuss the impact of Andrew Young on Georgia.
CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN THE 1970s
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
1967
LESTER MADDOX
A strict segregationist who
became governor of Georgia
in 1967. He once shutdown
his own restaurant business
“Pickrick Cafeteria” instead
of desegregating. However,
once he became governor of
Georgia he promoted and
hired more AfricanAmericans in government
jobs than previous
governors. He also
integrated the Georgia State
Highway Patrol and GBI. He
also appointed the first
African American to head a
state department.
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©
Civil Rights Movement
1974
MAYNARD JACKSON
In 1974, Maynard Jackson
became the 1st AfricanAmerican mayor of a major
southern city (Atlanta).
Jackson played a important
role in expanding and
modernizing Atlanta’s
airport, which has become
the busiest airport in the
world and employs
thousands of workers in the
Atlanta area, now named
Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson
International Airport to honor
his contributions. Played a
role in bringing the 1996
Olympics to Atlanta.
1977
ANDREW YOUNG
Former Civil Rights activist
during the Civil Rights
movement who was friends
with Dr. King. Andrew
Young also became the
first African-American US
Representative from
Georgia since the
Reconstruction Era.
President Jimmy Carter
appointed Young as the
first African-American UN
Ambassador. Like
Maynard Jackson he also
became mayor of Atlanta
and later helped bring the
Olympics to Georgia.
Ellis Arnall?
Wanted to remain governor
until controversy was settled
1946
GOVERNOR’S
RACE
“the 3
governors
controversy”
Who will replace
Eugene Talmadge?
.
Herman Talmadge?
Received enough “writein” votes on the ballot
Melvin Thompson?
Was elected Lieutenant
Governor of Georgia
HERMAN TALMADGE
Just like his dad,
Herman Talmadge was
a racist governor who
supported segregation.
He became governor
during the “3 governors
controversy” when
Eugene Talmadge won
the 1946 Governor’s
Race in November, but
died before taking
office. Herman
received write-in votes
because voters knew
his dad was ill. The
Georgia Supreme Court
ruled that a special
election must be held
between Herman
Talmadge and Melvin
Thompson. Talmadge
won because of the
county unit system.
BENJAMIN MAYS
As president of Morehouse College in Atlanta, Dr. Mays was a civil
rights activist and mentor to Martin Luther King, Jr. In 1936, Dr. Mays
traveled to India and visited with Mohandis Gandhi and learned
Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violent protests and boycotts. Martin
Luther King, Jr. would learn this from his mentor Benjamin Mays and it
would be the strategy during the Civil Rights movement to end
segregation and gain racial equality. Dr. Mays gave the Benediction at
the March on Washington, as well as Dr. King’s eulogy.
Civil Rights Movement
1940’s -1950’s
Dr. Eldrick H. Horton ©