Download Chapter 5 - Okemos Public Schools

Chapter 5
Orbitals and Orbital Notation
Was the Bohr model correct?
s orbital
p orbital
s, p, d, and f orbitals
Quantum Numbers
• First Quantum number, n, stands for the
energy level.
• Number of orbitals in each energy level=n2
• Second Quantum number stands for the TYPE
of orbital that the electron is in. This could be
s, p, d, or f.
• The third quantum number stands for which
orientation of the orbital that the electron is
in. There are three axis…x, y, and z.
• s orbital has 1 orientation.
• p orbital has 3 orientations.
• d orbital has 5 orientations
• f orbital has 7 orientations.
Number of Electrons
•
•
•
•
•
Each orbital orientation holds 2 electrons.
s orbital holds 2 electrons
p orbital holds 6 electrons
d orbital holds 10 electrons
f orbital holds 14 electrons
• Total number of electrons in an energy
level=2n2
Quantum #4
The spin
• When electrons pair up, they must spin in
opposite directions (Pauli Exclusion Principle)
• Electrons can spin in either direction when
alone.
Orbital Notation
Do you see a pattern that can be
useful?
We can use the periodic table to
predict where electrons are: