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Biology Thu, 3/25/15 Do Now • Turn in missing work TODAY (last day) – Get Evidence packet checked by me if not • LEFT side – WRITE/ANSWER Why do you think every species is given a Latin name by scientists? Remember the Electronics Policy Objective: • Understand/Practice with Concepts of Natural Selection and Evolution • Classification Agenda: • Classification Notes • Evolution Study Guide Homework: • Begin Evolution Review – Test Mon/Tue • Revisit notes/work 10 minutes a night NOTE – Missing work due TODAY, Thu, 3/26! 9-11 LS3E-Relatedness of Organisms Biological classifications are based on how organisms are related, reflecting their evolutionary history. Scientists infer relationships from physiological traits, genetic information, and the ability of two organisms to produce fertile offspring. Essential Question: How do scientists organize life? copyright cmassengale Species of Organisms • There are 13 billion known species of organisms • This is only 5% of all organisms that ever lived!!!!! • New organisms are still being found and identified Brazil River Dolphin Antarctica Anemone copyright cmassengale What is Classification? • Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities • Classification is also known as taxonomy • Taxonomists are scientists that identify & name organisms copyright cmassengale Benefits of Classifying • Accurately & uniformly names organisms • Prevents misnomers such as starfish & jellyfish that aren't really fish • Uses same language (Latin or some Greek) for all names Sea”horse”?? copyright cmassengale Confusion in Using Different Languages for Names copyright cmassengale Latin Names are Understood by all Taxonomists copyright cmassengale Carolus Linnaeus 1707 – 1778 • Called the “Father of Taxonomy” • Developed the modern system of naming known as binomial nomenclature • Two-word name (Genus & species) copyright cmassengale Standardized Naming •Binomial nomenclature used •Genus species (capitalized and lower case, respectively) •Latin or Greek •Italicized in print •Underlined when written out copyright cmassengale Turdus migratorius English Robin Binomial Nomenclature Which TWO are more closely related? copyright cmassengale Rules for Naming Organisms • The International Code for Binomial Nomenclature contains the rules for naming organisms • All names must be approved by International Naming Congresses (International Zoological Congress) • This prevents duplicated names copyright cmassengale Classification Groups • Taxon ( taxa-plural) is a category into which related organisms are placed copyright cmassengale Linnaean Classification SystemTaxonomic Groups BROADEST TAXON • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum (Division used for plants) • Class • Order • Family • Genus Most Specific Taxon • Species copyright cmassengale • Dear • King • Phillip • Came • Over • For • Good • Soup! For other mnemonic devices, click here Find one that works for you! copyright cmassengale
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