Download Cardiac Conditions.PowerPoint.2015-07-14

Cardiac
Conditions
Caring for children with
cardiac conditions in
a community program
2015-07-14
How the Heart Works
 Collects oxygen-poor blood from
body and pumps it to the lungs to
get oxygen
 Pumps blood to the lungs and body
by a sequence of organized
contractions
Types of cardiac
conditions
Congenital heart defects
• Slows down or blocks blood flow
in the heart or in the blood
vessels near the heart
Arrhythmias
• Abnormal heart beats
Genetic cardiac conditions
Acquired cardiac conditions
• Occurs from infection
Treatment
Medication
Surgery
• Heart transplant
• Fontan procedure
Pacemaker
Internal Cardioverter
Defibrillator (ICD)
Activity restrictions
Most children with cardiac
conditions can participate in
physical activities without
restrictions
For some children, competitive
or excessively stressful
activities may be restricted
Infective Endocarditis
Inflammation caused by an
infection in the lining of the
heart
Caused by bacteria that gets
into blood
Can lead to permanent
damage of the heart
May require antibiotics before
medical or dental procedure
Inform EMS that child has
cardiac condition
Congestive Heart
Failure
 Sweating during quiet time
 Persistently rapid/labored breathing
 Shortness of breath
 Rapid heart rate or irregular heart rate
 Chest pain
 Nasal flaring
 Blueness on or around the mouth, eyes,
ears, and/or finger tips
 Listlessness (tired and unwilling to do
normal activities)
 Inability to stop coughing
 Skin becomes increasingly pale or blue
 Suddenly tired
Responding to
Congestive Heart Failure
1. Have child rest.
2. If condition doesn’t improve, contact
parent/guardian.
3. If symptoms do not improve and
parent/guardian or emergency contact
cannot be reached within 5 to 10
minutes, activate 911/EMS.
4. Place child on the floor in recovery
position (lying on left side).
5. Keep the airway open. Loosen any tight
restrictive clothing.
6. Stay with child until EMS personnel
arrive.
If the child has noisy gurgled
breathing, call 911/EMS.
Loss of
consciousness
1. Call 911/EMS.
2. Implement CPR and the use
of an automated external
defibrillator (AED), if available.
3. Notify the parent/guardian.
4. Inform EMS that the child has
a cardiac condition.
Child specific
information
 Type of cardiac condition
 Activity restrictions
 Additional information
Health Care Plans are
located in child file and binder
Syncope
Temporary loss of
consciousness
Passing out or fainting
Usually occurs without warning
and often during exercise
1. Call 911/EMS.
2. Implement CPR and the use of
an automated external
defibrillator (AED), if available.
3. Notify the parent/guardian.
4. Inform EMS that the child has a
cardiac condition.
Tachycardia
Heart rate too fast to count
May experience fatigue,
dizziness, lightheadedness,
chest pain, shortness of
breath, upset stomach,
weakness
Tachycardia
1. Have the child rest.
2. If symptoms do not improve with
rest, contact the parent/guardian.
If the symptoms worsen with rest,
call 911/EMS immediately.
3. If the parent/guardian or
emergency contact cannot be
reached, call 911/EMS.
4. Stay with the child until EMS
personnel arrive.
5. Inform EMS that the child has a
cardiac condition.
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate
May experience decreased
level of activity, weakness,
paleness, dizziness
1.Contact parent/guardian.
2.If child's condition does
not improve in 20 minutes
and you are unable to
contact parent/guardian
or emergency contact,
call 911/EMS.
Pacemakers
 Battery operated device used to
maintain normal heart rhythm
 May experience bradycardia and
syncope
 Some devices may interfere with
the function of the defibrillator
 Some sports may need to be
avoided if they result in a blow to
the chest
Internal Cardioverter
Defibrillator (ICD)
If child experiences an internal shock
1. Put child in recovery position (lying
on left side).
2. Ensure child’s safety.
3. If child is responsive and received
one shock, contact
parent/guardian.
4. If parent/guardian or emergency
contact cannot be reached, call
911/EMS.
5. If child is not responsive or
received more than one shock, call
911/EMS.
Internal Cardioverter
Defibrillator (ICD)
 Battery operated device
implanted for in chest or
abdomen
 If ICD is not working and child
experiences tachycardia or
syncope – call 911/EMS
 Some sports may be restricted if
they may result in a blow to the
chest
 Some devices may interfere with
the function of the defibrillator
Heart Transplant
 Anti-rejection drugs
 5 minute warm up, 5 minute cool
down for vigorous exercise
 Needs at least 2 litres of water
daily
 Contact parent if child ill or
exposed to communicable
disease
 Other precautions
• Avoid undercooked food
• Avoid grapefruit
• Avoid dusty areas, smoke
• Avoid animals, gardening
Blood thinners
External bleeds
• Mouth bleeds
• Nose bleeds
• Surface cuts
Internal bleeds
• Bruising
• Joint & muscle bleeds
• Life-threatening bleeds
Surface cuts
Nose bleeds
Mouth bleeds
1. Put on gloves.
2. Clean skin.
3. Apply firm continuous pressure
until bleeding stops.
4. Apply bandage or dressing.
5. Encourage ice.
6. Call parent/guardian if bleeding
does not stop after 20 minutes.
7. If unable to reach
parent/guardian or emergency
contact, call 911/EMS.
Bruising
Notify parent/guardian if bruise
is increasing in size.
Muscle & Joint
Bleeds
1. Have child rest.
2. Apply ice to injury.
3. Elevate injured body part.
4. Contact parent/guardian.
5. If unable to contact
parent/guardian or
emergency contact after
15 minutes, call 911/EMS.
Life-threatening Bleeds
If a child has a significant
injury to the head, eye,
neck, chest or abdomen
(with or without signs)
1. Call 911/EMS.
2. Notify parent/guardian.