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COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL
MALAYSIA
OVERALL PERFORMANCE
2012
2013
2014
BASIC FACTS
2015
Rank
Capital
2016
Kuala Lumpur
331
2015
Exchange Rate (per $)
3.906
2015
Population - market size (millions)
31.00
2015
25
296.2
2015
32
26,311
2015
36
5.0
2015
5
Consumer price inflation (%)
2.10
2015
43
Unemployment rate (%)
3.10
2015
4
14.17
2015
25
2.94
2015
25
133.8
2014
33
3.45
2015
16
Land area (square km '000)
14
12
15
14
19
CHALLENGES IN 2016
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)
•Intensify
Intensify
private
public
collaboration
towards
higher
private
andand
public
collaboration
towards
higher
productivity, innovation and growth.
innovation
and growth.
•productivity,
Strengthening
the governance
and institutional mechanism for
implementation of productivity and competitiveness strategies.
• Reducing regulatory barriers towards modernizing business
regulations.
• Strengthen technological capabilities to enhance value creation.
• Effective utilization of local skilled workforce to sustain
innovation and growth.
GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)
Real GDP growth (%)
Labor force (millions)
Current account balance percentage (%)
Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)
Provided
by:
Malaysia Productivity
Corporation (MPC), Malaysia
Malaysia Productivity Corporation (MPC), Malaysia
Direct investment flows inward (%)
COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE
9
7
21
20
9
11
Education
Health and Environment
Scientific Infrastructure
15
20
21
Technological Infrastructure
Basic Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Attitudes and Values
Management Practices
Finance
6
23
25
Labor Market
Productivity & Efficiency
Societal Framework
Business Efficiency
10
16
22
Business Legislation
Institutional Framework
Fiscal Policy
Public Finance
Government Efficiency
Prices
Employment
International Investment
International Trade
Domestic Economy
Economic Performance
23
29
32
38
40
PEER GROUPS RANKINGS
ASIA - PACIFIC
POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION
2012
2013
2014
2015
4
4
3
4
2016
2012
2013
2014
2015
6
5
5
4
5
2016
7
COMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION & ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORS
MALAYSIA
COMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION
The criteria below highlight the 15 biggest Improvements and the 15 biggest Declines in the overall performance of the economy. They are
determined by the largest percentage changes in the value of each criterion from one yearbook to the next.
WCY
WCY
2015
2016
WCY
WCY
2015
2016
3.71
2.45
0.01
1.15
6
4
0.051
0.141
1.5.07 Gasoline prices
0.66
0.51
1.4.07 Long-term unemployment
0.10
0.20
4.3.02 Total expenditure on R&D (%)
1.08
1.26
2.2.09 Consumption tax rate
4.00
6.00
4.5.03 Public expenditure on education per pupil
19.9
23.2
1.2.02 Current account balance percentage
4.63
2.94
4.3.07 Total R&D personnel nationwide per capita
2.10
2.45
4.5.09 Student mobility inbound
1.91
1.34
0.100
0.086
1.1.15 Real GDP growth per capita
4.62
3.60
7.69
8.71
2.5.04 Risk of political instability
6.37
5.00
54,150
59,376
4.2.20 ICT service exports
29.1
23.3
4.2.07 Computers per capita
430
470
4.3.05 Business expenditure on R&D (%)
0.69
0.58
1.1.21 GDP (PPP) per capita
24,262
26,311
6.0
5.0
3.1.04 Labor productivity (PPP)
26.43
28.63
1.2.26 Exchange rates
5.85
4.97
2.1.02 Government budget surplus/deficit (%)
-3.50
-3.22
2.3.13 Bureaucracy
5.11
4.35
2.4.04 Public sector contracts
5.35
5.77
1.2.08 Exports of goods ($bn)
234.14
199.87
2.4.03 Protectionism
5.77
6.22
4.4.24 Pollution problems
6.38
5.60
IMPROVEMENTS
2.4.08 Government subsidies
2.4.15 Start-up days
4.1.25 Electricity costs for industrial clients
4.3.16 Patent applications per capita
3.1.01 Overall productivity (PPP)
DECLINES
1.5.02 Adjusted consumer price inflation
2.3.08 Exchange rate stability
1.1.14 Real GDP growth
KEY ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORS
From a list of 15 indicators, respondents of the Executive Opinion Survey were asked to select 5 that they perceived as the key
attractiveness factors of their economy. The chart shows the percentage of responses per indicator from the highest number of responses
to the lowest.
Cost competitiveness
Business-friendly environment
Reliable infrastructure
Dynamism of the economy
Skilled workforce
Policy stability & predictability
Open and positive attitudes
Access to financing
High educational level
Quality of corporate governance
Competency of government
Strong R&D culture
Effective labor relations
Effective legal environment
Competitive tax regime
52.9%
49.6%
46.2%
45.4%
42.9%
40.3%
33.6%
27.7%
24.4%
24.4%
19.3%
16.8%
15.1%
12.6%
10.1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - FACTOR BREAKDOWN
MALAYSIA
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
Sub-Factor Rankings :
2012
2013
2014
2015
10
7
9
6
2016
11
Domestic Economy
International Trade
International Investment
Employment
Prices
2015
2016
15
11
8
7
3
22
21
16
9
7
2015
2016
19
8
22
24
35
25
10
23
20
32
2015
2016
24
4
15
6
8
21
6
20
9
11
2015
2016
12
5
29
36
35
15
23
29
40
38
GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY
Sub-Factor Rankings :
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
13
15
15
16
18
Public Finance
Fiscal Policy
Institutional Framework
Business Legislation
Societal Framework
BUSINESS EFFICIENCY
Sub-Factor Rankings :
2012
2013
2014
6
4
5
2015
10
2016
14
Productivity & Efficiency
Labor Market
Finance
Management Practices
Attitudes and Values
INFRASTRUCTURE
Sub-Factor Rankings :
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
26
25
25
27
31
Basic Infrastructure
Technological Infrastructure
Scientific Infrastructure
Health and Environment
Education
BALANCE SHEET - FACTOR BREAKDOWN
MALAYSIA
STRENGTHS
Economic Performance
WEAKNESSES
Rank
Economic Performance
Rank
1.4.06 Unemployment rate
4
1.1.20 GDP per capita
44
1.5.07 Gasoline prices
5
1.5.06 Food costs
42
1.4.07 Long-term unemployment
5
1.2.18 Export concentration by product
39
1.1.14 Real GDP growth
5
1.2.26 Exchange rates
39
1.3.14 Relocation threats of R&D facilities
6
1.4.02 Employment (%)
38
1.1.15 Real GDP growth per capita
8
1.1.21 GDP (PPP) per capita
36
1.3.15 Relocation threats of services
9
1.3.07 Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)
33
1.1.13 Diversification of the economy
9
1.3.08 Direct investment stocks inward (%)
30
1.2.25 Tourism receipts
10
1.3.05 Direct investment flows inward ($bn)
27
1.2.09 Exports of goods (%)
10
1.3.01 Direct investment flows abroad ($bn)
25
Government Efficiency
Rank
Government Efficiency
Rank
2.2.09 Consumption tax rate
6
2.5.06 Gini coefficient
55
2.4.16 Start-up procedures
6
2.4.20 Redundancy costs
49
2.4.13 Ease of doing business
6
2.4.08 Government subsidies
46
2.1.11 Pension funding
7
2.1.02 Government budget surplus/deficit (%)
45
2.3.10 Adaptability of government policy
7
2.4.05 Foreign investors
43
2.2.01 Collected total tax revenues
9
2.5.04 Risk of political instability
41
2.5.03 Ageing of society
9
2.2.10 Employee's social security contribution rate
37
2.4.17 Labor regulations
9
2.3.15 Rule of law
33
2.4.15 Start-up days
10
2.4.04 Public sector contracts
33
2.3.09 Legal and regulatory framework
10
2.3.14 Bribery and corruption
31
Business Efficiency
Rank
Business Efficiency
Rank
3.4.04 Corporate boards
4
3.2.16 Female labor force
51
3.4.07 Entrepreneurship
5
3.2.13 Labor force (%)
46
3.5.05 Need for economic and social reforms
6
3.1.04 Labor productivity (PPP)
41
3.2.11 Employee training
7
3.3.19 M&A Activity
39
3.3.05 Banking and financial services
7
3.1.01 Overall productivity (PPP)
39
3.3.11 Stock market capitalization (%)
8
3.3.04 Investment risk
33
3.4.06 Customer satisfaction
8
3.2.10 Apprenticeships
8
3.4.03 Credibility of managers
8
3.4.08 Social responsibility
9
Infrastructure
4.2.19 High-tech exports (%)
4.2.14 Public-private partnerships
Rank
Infrastructure
Rank
3
4.4.01 Total health expenditure
56
5
4.4.08 Medical assistance
52
4.2.21 Cyber security
10
4.4.12 Energy intensity
51
4.5.04 Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education)
11
4.2.10 Internet bandwidth speed
49
4.2.13 Technological cooperation
11
4.4.10 Human development index
46
4.5.14 Science in schools
11
4.4.18 Renewable energies (%)
46
4.4.19 Green technology solutions
11
4.3.19 Value added of KTI industries
44
4.1.10 Dependency ratio
12
4.2.09 Broadband subscribers
43
4.2.17 Technological regulation
13
4.4.05 Life expectancy at birth
43
4.4.23 Sustainable development
13
4.3.07 Total R&D personnel nationwide per capita
40