Download History and Approaches

Learning
AP Course Description
• Distinguish general differences between
principles of classical conditioning,
operant conditioning, and observational
learning (e.g., contingencies).
• Describe basic classical conditioning
phenomena, such as acquisition, extinction,
spontaneous recovery, generalization,
discrimination, and higher-order learning.
• Provide examples of how biological
constraints create learning predispositions.
• Apply learning principles to explain emotional
learning, taste aversion, superstitious behavior,
and learned helplessness.
• Identify key contributors in the psychology of
learning (e.g., John Garcia, Ivan Pavlov, Robert
Rescorla, John Watson).
Chapters
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Terms
classical conditioning
stimulus
response
unconditioned stimulus
(UCS)
unconditioned response
(UCR)
conditioned stimulus
(CS)
conditioned response
(CR)
acquisition
extinction
spontaneous recovery
generalization
discrimination
behaviorism
cognition
Ivan Pavlov
John Watson
John Garcia
Robert Rescorla
Activities/Demonstrations
o
Assessments/Projects
AP Course Description
• Distinguish general differences between
principles of classical conditioning,
operant conditioning, and observational
learning (e.g., contingencies).
• Predict the effects of operant conditioning
(e.g., positive reinforcement, negative
reinforcement, punishment, schedules of
reinforcement).
• Predict how practice, schedules of
reinforcement, and motivation will influence
quality of learning.
• Interpret graphs that exhibit the results of
learning experiments.
• Identify key contributors in the psychology of
learning (e.g., B. F. Skinner, Edward
Thorndike,
Edward Tolman).
Chapters
Terms
19. reinforcement
20. punishment
21. positive
reinforcement
22. negative
reinforcement
23. primary
reinforcement
24. secondary
reinforcement
25. shaping
26. discrimination
27. extinction
28. continuous
reinforcement
29. partial schedule
30. fixed-interval
schedule
31. variable-interval
schedule
32. fixed-ratio schedule
33. variable-ratio
schedule
34. latent learning
35. cognitive map
36. overjustification
effect
37. Edward Thorndike
38. B. F. Skinner
39. Edward Tolman
• Distinguish general differences between
principles of classical conditioning,
operant conditioning, and observational
learning (e.g., contingencies).
• Describe the essential characteristics of
insight learning, latent learning, and
social learning.
• Identify key contributors in the psychology of
learning (e.g., Albert Bandura).
40. observational
learning
41. model
42. modeling
43. mirror neurons
44. antisocial behavior
45. prosocial behavior
46. insight learning
47. latent learning
48. social learning
Activities/Demonstrations
Assessments/Projects
49. Albert Bandura