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INSIGHTS FROM NEW ZEALAND ON THE ‘GIG’ ECONOMY ALAN FRANCE PROFESSOR OF SOCIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND THE NEW ZEALAND ECONOMY BY SECTOR SECTOR GDP 2014 EMPLOYMENT 2014 Employment 1986 Primary Industries 10% 7% 11% Manufacturing 13% 11% 21% Services including Government 77% 82% 68% SELF EMPLOYMENT AND THE ECONOMY OF ‘SMALL ENTERPRISES’ The ‘small enterprise economy’ and self employment The growth of ‘sidepreneurs’ Who are the self-employed? YOUTH EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY IN NEW ZEALAND (2012) March 2012 Youth Employment by Industry in New Zealand 16 – 24 year olds Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing Mining, Electricity, Gas, Water & Waste Services Numbers 21,700 1,900 Manufacturing Construction Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Accommodation and Food Services Transport, Postal and Warehousing Information Media & Telecommunications Financial & Insurance Services Rental, Hiring & Real Estate Services Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 31,500 Administrative & Support Services Public Administration & Safety Education & Training Health Care & Social Assistance Arts & Recreation Services Other Services Total Employed (including Not Specified) 10,400 26,200 10,900 59,100 49,800 9,100 6,500 6,600 3,500 14,900 9,000 17,300 16,700 8,900 14,000 318,000 TEMPORARY AND PART-TIME WORK IN NEW ZEALAND (2012) KEY FACTS Casualisation of the labour market been growing since 1990s and has continued to grow 1 in 10 employees now work in temporary work – 47% of these are casuals, 29% are on fixed time related contracts and 14% are seasonal workers. (2012) A third of all temporary workers are under 25 years old (2012) In fact 60% of all casual workers; 61% of agency workers, 47.7% of fixed term workers and 50% of seasonal workers were under the age of 35. 6 out of 10 temporary workers are also likely to be female And Maori and Pacific were more likely than white European to be on temporary or part time work YOUTH POLICY IN NEW ZEALAND Regulating and deregulating the youth labour market ‘Incentivising’ the employer The Youth Guarantee Identifying and targeting the most ‘at risk’ – an actuarial valuation Incentivising the young or the ‘stick approach’… SHIFTING THE LENS TO PRIVILEGE The invisibility of privilege The relationship between privilege and disadvantage The institutionalisation of privilege School catchment areas and the middle class University Scholarships and privilege Internships and privilege Tax evasion verses welfare fraud – the embedding of privilege in the law
