Download Human Endocrine System

Human Endocrine
System
Endocrine Overview
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Hormones- chemical
messengers travel
through body
Target cell or organorgan or cells that a
hormone affects
Control of Hormone Release
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Negative feedback mechanism- hormone
release is triggered by stimulus, rising levels
of hormone inhibit further release
Endocrine stimuli
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Hormonal- hormones stimulate the release of
others
Humoral- blood stimulates release of hormones
Neural- nerves stimulate hormone release
Anterior Pituitary Gland
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Growth Hormone (GH)- affects growth of
skeletal muscles and bones
Prolactin (PRL)- stimulates milk production
after pregnancy
Gonadotropic- regulates hormone activity of
sex organs
Also effects adrenal cortex and thyroid
hormone release
Posterior Pituitary
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Oxytocin- helps during
pregnancy
Antidiuretic hormone
(ADH)- inhibits urine
production
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Alcohol inhibits ADH
causing increased output
of urine
Thyroid Gland
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Thyroid hormone
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Controls the rate at
which glucose is
“burned”
Calcitonin
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Decreases calcium
levels in blood deposits
on bone
Parathyroid Gland
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Parathyroid hormone
(PTH)- regulates
Ca2+ in blood
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If Ca2+ level drops
bones is broken down
Adrenal Gland
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Adrenal Cortex
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Releases hormones that
regulate mineral content in
blood
Adrenal Medulla
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Produces epinephrine and
norepinephrine
Helps with stressful situations
Pancreas
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Insulin- increases
glucose uptake into cells
and stores in liver
Glucagon- stimulates
breakdown of glucose
stores in the liver
Pineal Gland
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Melatonin
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Establishes body’s day/ night cycle
Thymus
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Thymosin
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“Programs” T cells
Gonads
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Androgens (male)- sperm formation,
development of male char
Estrogens (female)- development of female
char