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SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 8 WEATHER Miss Nelson SECTION 5 Predicting the Weather ANTICIPATORY SET How can you use what you’ve learned about fronts to predict what the weather will be? STANDARDS S 6.4.e – Students know differences in pressure, heat, air movement, and humidity result in change in weather THE BIG IDEA How do weather forecasters predict the weather? What can be learned from the information on weather maps? KEY TERMS Meteorologist – a scientist who studies the causes of weather and tries to predict it Isobar – a line on a weather map that joins places that have the same air pressure Isotherm – a line on a weather map that joins places that have the same temperature PREDICTING THE WEATHER Read Predicting the Weather on page 328 of your textbook WEATHER FORECASTING The first step is to collect data Simple, direct observation Use of instruments MAKING SIMPLE OBSERVATIONS Reading signs in the clouds: Cumulus clouds form on warm afternoons, when warm air rises If these clouds grow taller and larger… Will become cumulonimbus, and produce thunderstorms Thin cirrus clouds high in the sky may indicate a warm front approaching INTERPRETING COMPLEX DATA Meteorologists use maps, charts, and computers to analyze weather data and to prepare weather forecasts INTERPRETING COMPLEX DATA Meteorologists are able to interpret information from a variety of sources Local weather observers Instruments carried by balloons Satellites Weather stations around the world Often use radar Track rain or snow Locate severe storms, such as tornadoes Follow the path of the storm WEATHER FORECASTING Read Weather Forecasting on page 329 of your textbook READING WEATHER MAPS A weather map is a “snapshot” of conditions at a particular time over a large area There are many different types of weather maps WEATHER SERVICE MAPS Data from many local weather stations all over the country are assembled into weather maps at the National Weather Service On some weather maps you see curved lines These connect places where conditions are the same Temperature or air pressure WEATHER SERVICE MAPS ISOBARS are lines joining places on the map that have the same AIR PRESSURE Iso means “equal” Bar means “pressure” Why do you think it’s called a barometer? ISOTHERMS are lines joining places on the map that have the same TEMPERATURE Do you see the connection between “isotherm” and “thermometer” NEWSPAPER WEATHER MAPS Standard symbols on a weather map show fronts, areas of high and low pressure, types of precipitation, and temperatures NEWSPAPER WEATHER MAPS View Figure 27 on page 332 of your textbook LIMITS OF WEATHER FORECASTS New satellites and radar technologies have allowed scientists to make better weather forecasts However, it is unlikely that scientists will ever be able to predict the weather a month in advance Small changes can have huge impacts in the future Sometimes called the “butterfly effect” READING WEATHER MAPS Read Reading Weather Maps on pages 330-331 of your textbook CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING What is a meteorologist? What tools do they rely on to forecast the weather? CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING What is a meteorologist? A meteorologist is a scientist who studies the causes of weather and tries to predict it. What tools do they rely on to forecast the weather? Meteorologists rely on computers, weather maps, satellites, radar, and weather stations to forecast the weather. GUIDED PRACTICE What is the symbol for a cold front on a weather map? How is wind direction indicated on a weather map? GUIDED PRACTICE What is the symbol for a cold front on a weather map? The symbol for a cold front on a weather map is a line with triangles on the front side. How is wind direction indicated on a weather map? Wind direction is indicated on a weather map by the direction of the line extending out from a weather map symbol. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE Complete Weather 8-5 Independent Practice