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Download Chapter 8 Test Review – Electricity and Magnetism
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Chapter 8 Test Review – Electricity and Magnetism Know how charges attract and repel one another o S-S = Repel, N-N = repel, S-N = attract Explain how a simple electroscope works to detect static electricity o When a positively charged object comes near the top, the electrons within the electroscope are drawn up into the foil ball leaving the tin foil leave both positive. They repel. o When a negatively charged object comes near the top, the electrons with the electroscope are pushed down into the tin foil leaves making them both negative. They repel. Define static electricity, current , voltage, resistance, electrical power o Static electricity = build up of charge o Current = flow of electrons/electric charges o Voltage = the potential energy difference needed to get current flowing (the push) o Resistance = opposition to the flow of current o Electrical power = the rate at work is done within an electrical device Know the units used to measure current, voltage, resistance, power o Current = amps (amperes) o Voltage = volts o Resistance = ohms o Power = watts Define conductor/insulator – examples of each o Conductor = any material that allows electricity to flow easily (examples = most anything metal) o Insulator = any material that does not allow the flow of electricity (examples = wood, yarn, rubber, plastic, etc.) Know Ohm’s Law and how to use it to calculate current, voltage and resistance (I = V/R where I = current, V = voltage, R = resistance) Know the equation for electrical power (P = I x V where P = power, I = current, V = voltage) Review your Electrical Power Practice worksheet (especially the back side) Define circuit, closed circuit, open current o Circuity = a pathway for electricity to flow o Closed circuit = allows electricity to flow, no breaks o Open circuit = somewhere there is a break within the circuit/electricity cannot flow Know the difference between series and parallel circuits (draw each) o Series = one pathway o Parallel = multiple pathways Know what happens when you don’t put batteries in the correct way in an appliance (circuit) o Electricity cannot flow, the appliance does not work Be able to determine which bulb or buzzer would turn on if various switches were opened or closed (circuit worksheet) Define permanent magnet, electromagnet – advantages/disadvantages o Permanent magnet = maintains magnetic properties all the time, cannot turn off o Electromagnet = coil, current, core = can turn them on an off, can make them stronger and weaker Know what things can destroy a magnet o Heating it up (melting)/dropping in many, many times Know what happens when you cut a magnet in half o You two new magnets, each with their own N and S poles Be able to figure out which end of a magnet is N/S given several factors (i.e. compasses around it/one known end) Know how to calculate the strength of an electromagnet (ampere-turns) and how you can change the strength (specifically) of an electromagnet – review your electromagnet worksheet/science starters o To determine the strength of an electromagnet, you multiple the current (amps) and the number of turns o Unit for strength of an electromagnet = amp-turns o To increase strength, you either increase the number of turns or you increase the current (amps) Know how Earth’s magnetic field is aligned (geographic N/S vs magnetic N/S) o Earth’s magnetic north pole is under the geographic south pole) Know what a magnetic field is/looks like NOTE: Read all of chapter 8, and be able to answer the chapter review questions at the end of the chapter