Download Telophase II

Name_____________________________________________________________________________Period_____________________Date_______________________________
READING GUIDE: GENETICS
trisomy:
MEIOSIS
Identify the following as diploid or haploid cells:
__________
Skin cells
__________
Egg cells
__________
Cheek cells
__________
Cells inside pollen
__________
Sperm cells
__________
Gametes
__________
Liver cells
__________
zygotes
monosomy:
What is the relationship between the number of chromosomes in an organism and its
complexity?
triploid:
What is the function of meiosis?
What types of cells undergo meiosis?
Given the description, identify the phase of meiosis associated with the description.
Below is a diagram of a cell undergoing meiosis. The cell belongs to an organism
that has 4 chromosomes. Complete the diagram by drawing in the chromosomes.
Then write a description of what is occurring in the phases indicated.
Early interphase:
Beginning of meiosis Prophase I:
_____________ Crossover occurs
_____________ Homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell as pairs.
_____________ Homologous chromosomes separate
Metaphase I:
_____________ Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell in a single file line
Define the following
Telophase I:
nondisjuction:
Metaphase II:
Telophase II:
DNA: MOLECULE OF HEREDITY
What substance actually does the copying of the DNA molecule?
What sugar is used in DNA?
What atoms make up a phosphate group?
DNA and PROTEIN
What is a nitrogen base?
List 3 ways in which DNA differs from RNA
1.
List the 4 bases used in DNA
2.
1.
2.
3.
3.
4.
Write the function of each type of RNA:
Do Purines have one or two rings in their chemical structure?
mRNA
List the two purines in DNA:
List the three parts of every nucleotide:
1.
tRNA
2.
3.
The backbone or sides of DNA are made up of what two chemicals?
rRNA
1.
2.
How does DNA from 2 similar organisms, like a howler monkey and a spider
Write the full name of each type of RNA:
monkey, differ from DNA from 2 very different organisms, like a horse and an
mRNA
earthworm?
tRNA
rRNA
Define TRANSCRIPTION
Why must DNA replicate for life to exist?
Show the missing side of this DNA molecule
A T
G
C
C
A
T
G
mRNA is read by the ribosome in groups of 3 bases at a time.
What term is used for the three bases being read at once?
Converting the sequence of bases in mRNA into a sequence of
amino acids is known as what process?
Where does Transcription happen?
Where does Translation happen?
GENETIC CHANGES
Define mutation:
How do point mutations differ from chromosomal mutations?
Define mutagen:
List 8 examples of mutagens:
APPLIED GENETICS
-Define the following terms:
- Biotechnology
- Selective Breeding
- Inbreeding
- Polyploidy
- Genetic Engineering
- Recombinant DNA
Identify the following structures: