Download Sedimentary rocks

Progetto CLIL
Liceo statale «James Joyce» di Ariccia
A.S. 2015/2016
Geology: MINERALS AND ROCKS
Lesson 5 – Sedimentary Rocks
Dott.ssa Giulia Botticelli
Dott. Mario Silvestri
What are sedimentary rocks?
Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition of material
at the Earth's surface. This material could be:
- Other rocks
- Chemical precipitation
- Organic material
What are sedimentary rocks?
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediments. There are three
basic types of sedimentary rocks.
Clastic sedimentary rocks such as breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone,
and shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris.
Chemical sedimentary rocks, such as rock salt, iron ore, chert, flint,
some dolomites, and some limestones, form when dissolved materials precipitate
from solution.
Organic sedimentary rocks such as coal, some dolomites, and some limestones,
form from the accumulation of plant or animal debris.
Sedimentary Rocks Cycle
-
Weatherin
Erosion
Deposition
Compactation
Lithification
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Conglomerate
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Breccia
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Sandstone
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
They have mineral crystals made from elements that are dissolved in water.
The water in the oceans, lakes, and ground is often full of dissolved elements.
Carbonates
Halite
Gypsum
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
They have mineral crystals made from elements that are dissolved in water.
The water in the oceans, lakes, and ground is often full of dissolved elements.
Travertines
Bioclastic
Limestones
Flint
Organic Sedimentary Rocks
Organic sedimentary rocks form from the
accumulation and lithification of organic debris, such
as leaves, roots, and other plant or animal material.
Rocks that were once swampy sediments or peat
beds contain carbon and are black, soft, and
fossiliferous. Rich enough in carbon to burn, coal is
an organic sedimentary rock that is a widespread
and important fuel source.
Sedimentary environments
Sedimentary rocks and their uses
COAL: from decayed plants, is mainly used in power plants to make electricity.
LIMESTONE: it is used mainly in the manufacture, the production of lime, manufacture of
paper, petrochemicals, insecticides, linoleum, fiberglass, glass, carpet backing and as the
coating on many types of chewing gum.
SHALE: it can be a component of bricks and cement.
CONGLOMERATE: used in the construction industry.
SANDSTONE: Used principally for construction, it is easy to work, the red-brown
sandstone of Triassic age, better known as "brownstone," has been used in many cities.