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From Nationalism to Sectionalism
Section 1
MAIN IDEA
Nationalism contributed to the growth of American culture and influenced
domestic and foreign policies.
Key Terms and People
Monroe Doctrine foreign policy that stated that the Americas should no longer be
colonized by Europe
Alexis de Tocqueville a French observer of emerging American culture
Noah Webster writer of the first American dictionary
nationalism belief that the interests of the nation as a whole are more important than
regional interests or the interests of other countries
sectionalism belief that the interests of one’s section, or region, of the country are more
important than the interests of the nation as a whole
McCulloch v. Maryland Supreme Court case that ranked the nation’s interests as higher
than a state’s
James Monroe president from 1817 to 1825
John Quincy Adams secretary of state to Monroe
Adams-Onís Treaty treaty with Spain in which the United States acquired Florida and
established the boundary between the Louisiana territory and Spanish land to the west
Missouri Compromise agreement under which Missouri was admitted to the Union as a
slave state and Maine was admitted as a free state
Section Summary
A NEW AMERICAN CULTURE
The Monroe Doctrine was a bold statement from the
young United States. It said that North and South
America were no longer to be colonized by Europe.
Americans were hard at work building their new
nation. As they went about their lives they developed
a distinctly American culture. The French philosopher
Alexis de Tocqueville observed this new culture. He
saw that Americans had much energy. He also saw
that instead of imitating European cultures they did
things their own way. This included original works in
art and literature. Noah Webster published a
dictionary of Americans’ unique version of the
English language.
How did the United States
regard European countries
setting up colonies in North
and South America? Where
was this stated?
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Interactive Reader and Study Guide
Name _____________________________ Class _________________ Date __________________
From Nationalism to Sectionalism
Section 1
NATIONALISM INFLUENCES
DOMESTIC POLICY
Nationalism is the belief that the interests of the
nation as a whole are more important than regional
interests or the interests of other countries. In the early
1800s feelings of nationalism swept America. These
feelings replaced sectionalism. This is the belief that
one’s own section, or region, of the country is more
important than the whole. The feelings of nationalism
were reflected in government policies. For example, in
the case of McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme
Court ruled that the nation’s interests ranked higher
than any state’s interests.
NATIONALISM GUIDES FOREIGN POLICY
In 1816 James Monroe was elected president. His
secretary of state was John Quincy Adams. Adams
made an important agreement with Spain. This was
the Adams-Onís Treaty. In it the United States
acquired Florida and fixed the boundary between
Louisiana and Spanish lands to the west. The result
was the country expanded to the south and east, and
the borders in the north and west were defined.
THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE
By 1818 settlers had spread into Missouri. Most came
from the South. About 1 of every 6 settlers were
enslaved African Americans. When Missouri applied
to become a state, it caused a problem. At that time
there were an equal number of free states and slave
states. Slave and free states had equal representation
in the U.S. Senate. If Missouri entered the Union as a
slave state, it would upset the balance.
The situation was settled with the Missouri
Compromise. This agreement stated that Missouri
would be admitted as a slave state and that Maine
would be admitted as a free state. The balance was
preserved. Still, it showed there was sectionalism in
the North and South.
Underline the definition of
sectionalism.
Underline the details of the
Adams-Onís Treaty.
How would Missouri’s
entrance into the Union
have upset the balance in
Congress?
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Underline the state that
entered the Union with
Missouri.
CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Critical Thinking: Summarize Read a chapter of de Tocqueville’s
Democracy in America. Summarize it in one page.
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Interactive Reader and Study Guide