Download Byzantine Empire

Islam
Muhammad
• Founder of Islam and
prophet of the Muslims
monotheism
• Muslims believe in one
God, Allah
Five Pillars
1. Monotheism
2. Prayer 5 times a day
facing Mecca
3. Alms (charity) to poor
4. Fasting during
Ramadan (sunrise to
sunset)
5. Pilgrimage (hajj) to
Mecca once in lifetime
Islamic Empire
Conquest by Turks
• Seljuk Turks
attacked the
Byzantine Empire
in the 11th century
• Ottoman Turks
took control of city
in 1453
Caliphs
• Rulers of the
Islamic Empire
Sunni/Shiite (Shia)
• Division of Islam took place after Muhammad’s death
– Shiite- leader must be descendant of Muhammad
– Sunni- leader must follow the ways of Muhammad
• Most Muslims today are Sunni
Spread of Islam
• spread to include a
large part of the Middle
East, North Africa, and
Spain
• Muslims believe a
person who dies
fighting for Islam will go
to paradise
Golden Age of Islam
• Contributions
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Medicine
Math and Science
Art and Architecture
Literature
Ottoman Empire
Sultan
• Title of leaders of the
Ottoman Empire
Suleiman the Magnificent
• Most famous Ottoman
leader
• Ruled at height of
empire