Download characteristic Bryophytes Seedless Vascular Plants Gymnosperms

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characteristic
Bryophytes
Seedless Vascular
Plants
Gymnosperms
(primarily conifers)
Angiosperms
antheridium
yes
yes
no
no
archegonium
yes
yes
yes
no
water required for
fertilization
yes
yes
no
no
spores
homosporous
homosporous and
heterosporous
heterosporous
heterosporous
pollen grain
no
no
yes
yes
seed
no
no
yes
yes
seed nutritive tissue
not applicable
not applicable
female gametophyte
endosperm (from
double fertilization)
fruit
no
no
no
yes
vascular tissue
no, but mosses have
hydroids and leptoids
yes; tracheids and sieve
cells
yes; tracheids and sieve
cells
yes; vessel members
and sieve tube members
gametophyte
independent; dominant
independent
dependent
dependent
sporophyte
dependent
independent; dominant
independent; dominant
independent; dominant
vegetative reproduction
gametophyte
gametophyte;
sporophyte
sporophyte
sporophyte
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